BRO. GEORGE HENRY POWLEY
(SENIOR GRAND WARDEN).

THE SENIOR GRAND WARDEN.

IGHT WORSHIPFUL BRO. GEORGE HENRY POWLEY was, in 1874, accepted by Ara, 348,
I.C., as a member of the " antient and honourable fraternity." Ten years afterwards, having
worked every subordinate office, the members elected him their Master. In the Provincial Grand
Lodge of Ireland Jiro. Powley's record is a distinguished one. He rose step by step till he attained

the high rank of Senior Grand Warden, when he closed his Masonic career under the Irish Constitution by
tendering his resignation, and casting in his lot with the Grand Lodge of New Zealand. Advanced to the
Mark in 1875, exalted in 1876, he was anointed King of Ara in 1888. He became a Knight of the Rose f in
1877, and after ten years' probation was elected Most Wise Sovereign. An earnest believer in Masonic
independence and self-government, he took an active part in the Auckland Branch of the Masonic Union,
and has been a consistent and loyal supporter of the New Zealand movement since its inception. Grand
Lodge elected Bro. Powley Senior Grand Warden on July 6th, 1891.

_________________________________________

SCOTLAND AND NEW SOUTH WALES.

THE following highly interesting correspondence is taken from the early proceedings of the Grand Lodge of
New South Wales, and will no doubt prove as interesting and instructive to our numerous readers as it did to
ourselves. These letters were written in 1877 and 1878, by the Grand Secretary of Scotland, to the Provincial
Grand Secretary of New South Wales, and it is not too much to say that they were the cause of that long and
bitter struggle which rent and shattered the Craft in that colony. Yet, in the end came victory ; after eleven
years of battle for reform in things Masonic, unity reigned supreme, and the Grand Body, which started with
the insignificant number of 13 Lodges, merged into the United Grand Lodge, with a roll of 51 Lodges, and a
membership of 3792, some thousands of pounds of assets in cash, and a £22,000 Masonic Temple. Think of
these things, oh ye of little faith; and when ye have read Bro. D. Murray Lyon's letters, ask yourselves the
question, Why should we war against the inevitable ? :

" GRAND LODGE OF SCOTLAND, GRAND SECRETARY’S OFFICE.
" Freemasons' Hall,

" 98, George Street,
" Edinburgh, September 19th, 1877.

" I send by registered book post a communication addressed to the Grand Lodge by William Booth, on the
subject of an independent Grand Lodge for New South Wales. No such proposal can be entertained by
Grand Lodge, and should the Brethren in your jurisdiction desire to communicate with Grand Lodge upon
any point of importance, they must do so through the Provincial Grand Lodge. And there is no doubt that our
Lodges will preserve their identity as Scotch Masons, rather than amalgamate with those of other
Constitutions. The Grand Committee have every confidence in the loyalty of the Lodges in New South Wales,
and believe that in yourself and the Provincial Grand Master they have warm supporters of that loyalty."

Under the date February 7th, 1878.
" While Grand Committee have thorough confidence in the Provincial Grand Master and yourself, they are
of opinion you should exert all the influence in your power. To prevent the spread of dissatisfaction, it may
be necessary that you expel certain Brethren, but, in the meantime, the matter is left entirely to the Provincial
Grand Master and yourself."

Under date February 14th, 1878.
" I am instructed to thank you for your report, and the information it contains, and, at the same time, to
express their gratification on finding that the great majority of Lodges under your jurisdiction remain fi,rns
in their attachment to their mother Grand Lodge. The measures you have adopted to check the spread of the
schism meet the approval of the Sub. Committee. You have already cashiered those commissioned officers of
Provincial Grand Lodge who have joined the seceders ; the elected officials should also be removed, not only
from office, but also cut off from membership, and this should be done at once at a special meeting of
Provincial Grand Lodge, called for the purpose.

Further demand should be made for the charters held by the Lodges that have withdrawn. Failing you getting
possession of these charters, and wherever loyally affected Brethren belong to the seceding Lodges can be
got, let them be reorganised as the constitutional members of their respective Lodges, and authorised to work
under special warrant granted by the Provincial Grand Master, until duplicates of the original charters can be
sent out. This will encourage the leal-hearted members to efforts to restore the meshes that have been made
in their ranks. The Grand Committee meet on the 26th, and the matter will come up then."

Under date March 12th, 1878.
"I enclose copy of circular, which has been addressed to several Grand Lodges. The Grand Committee
approved of my last letter to you on the subject of the schism, and desired me to thank Dr. Sedgwick and
yourself for the manner in which you are supporting Grand Lodge at the present emergency :

" 'GRAND LODGE OF SCOTLAND.
" ' Freemasons' Hall, Edinburgh,

" ' March 7th, 1878.

" 'To the M.W. the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of ...............
M.W. SIR AND BROTHER,-
' I am instructed by the Grand Master Mason of Scotland (Bro. Sir Michael B. Shaw-Stewart, Bart.) and the
Grand Committee to inform you that certain Brethren belonging to Lodges in New South Wales, holding of

the Grand Lodge of Scotland, have, in conjunction with others of the Irish Constitution, formed them-selves
into " The Grand Lodge of New South Wales," and now ask recognition as a lawfully constituted body. In
asking you to withhold from this irregular and unconstitutional body recognition, I beg to state that of the 27
Scotch Lodges in New South Wales, eight only were represented at the meeting at which the schismatics
threw off their allegiance to their respective Grand Lodges. Bro. Dr. Sedgwick, R.W.P.G.M., and Bro.
William Higstrim, W.P.G. Secretary, and the Provincial Grand Lodge of New South Wales, are doing all in
their power to counteract the disloyal movement above referred to, and in this they have the cordial and
fraternal co-operation of the D.G. Master and Lodges under the English Constitution.

"' From information received from the province, it appears that a great majority of the Scottish Brethren are
not only determined to remain staunch in their allegiance, but repudiate the idea of severing a connection
which they are so determined to maintain with their mother Grand Lodge. I have therefore respect-fully to
request that you will have the goodness to caution the Lodges under your jurisdiction against admitting,
either as a member or visitor, any Brother seeking to gain admission as a member of the so-called Grand
Lodge of New South Wales.

"' I am, M.W. Sir and Dear Brother,
" Yours faithfully and fraternally,

" ' D. MURRAY LYON, G.S."'

Under date March 19th, 1878.
" The Lodges to which you refer as being inclined to tender allegiance to the so-called Grand Lodge are
indeed wise in their generation. You must, in self-defence, keep them and their representatives outside the
Provincial Grand Lodge, otherwise they will use their position in Provincial Grand Lodge to the prejudice of
same. If you could get the minority, you should reorganise them as the Constitutional representatives, and, in
the absence of the charter, constitute them so by special warrant. Duplicates of the charters will be sent out
on your request. We have no fears of your success. Assure the Brethren that no efforts shall be wanting on
my part to aid the cause, by promptitude of action, in everything pertaining to Scottish Masonry, under your
Provincial Grand Lodge."

Under date March 20th, 1878.
" I enclose copy of letter addressed to me by the Grand Secretary of England :

"' Freemasons' Hall,
"'London, March 19th, 1878.

"'MY DEAR SIR AND BROTHER,-
" 'I beg to acknowledge receipt of your communication of the 7th inst., respecting the formation of a " Grand
Lodge of New South Wales." The District Grand Master, E.G., has already taken every needful step, by
warning his Lodges not to take part in the movement ; and, in answer to an application for recognition, I
have written to the parties, declining on behalf of my Grand Lodge to entertain it.

' I am, Dear Sir and Brother,
"' Yours faithfully and fraternally,

"' JOHN HERVEY, G.S. '
D. MURRAY LYON, Esq.,

"' Grand Secretary,
' Grand Lodge of Scotland.' "

__________________________

THE CONSTITUTION AND LAWS.
GRAND Lodge, in Quarterly Communication assembled, having adopted, with a few unimportant alterations,
the proposals of the Constitution Committee, they became the Constitution and Laws of this jurisdiction on
the 13th inst. To alter, amend, or repeal any Law or Regulation contained in the Book of Constitutions, will,
according to Rule 41, require six months' notice; and if the proposals are objected to by one-third of the
Lodges on the roll, they shall not be adopted. The Grand Master is to be elected annually, no exception being
made. Besides the actual and Past Grand Officers (Past Grand Stewards excepted), and the Masters and
Wardens of Lodges, those entitled to seats in Grand Lodge are :— Provincial Grand Masters and their
Wardens ; all Brethren, in good standing, who on April 29th, 1890, were actual or Past Provincial or District
Grand Officers ; all Past Masters, and the Delegates who signed the Declaration of Independence. It is,
however, a sine qua non that Brethren (other than Grand officers, Masters, and Wardens of Lodges) claiming

the right to attend and vote shall first enroll themselves, and pay the registration fee of 10s. 6d. ; this fee
includes a Past Master's certificate to those entitled to it. It is also an indispensable condition to membership
in Grand Lodge that Brethren must be in good standing, i.e., subscribing members of some Lodge. The
Grand Director of Ceremonies is to be provided with three " Assistants," and it is understood that either the
Director or one of his Assistants will be present at each meeting of Grand Lodge ; and the Grand Organist or
one of his three Assistants will likewise be expected to be present at each Communication. The four Grand
Chaplains the musical officers, and the Grand Tyler, may now be Master Masons, but the 25 Grand Stewards
of the year must be Masters or Past Masters. " Brethren of eminence and ability, who have rendered service
to the Craft," may, by vote only of Grand Lodge, be constituted members. Past Provincial and District Grand
officers do, upon becoming members of Grand Lodge, retain Past rank of like grade ; thus a Provincial
Senior Grand Deacon would take the rank of Past Senior Grand Deacon, and a District Junior Grand Warden
would rank as a Past Junior Grand Warden. The Mark, the Excellent, the Royal Arch being recognised,
Brethren can now wear the jewels appertaining to those degrees. The secrets of an "Installed Master" can
under no circumstances be given, except in the presence of three or more Installed Masters, and can only be
conferred upon the Master-elect. Brethren nominated for office in Grand Lodge must notify in writing their
willingness to serve, or their election cannot take place. Lodges nominating one of their members for a
Grand Steward must take care that the Grand Secretary is in receipt of the nomination papers at least 21 days
before the April Communication. If Grand officers do not pay their patent fees within three months after
their election other Brethren shall be elected, or appointed in their stead, and defaulters shall not be again
eligible for office.

The financial year now ends on December 81st. This is in order to allow the accounts to be made up, audited,
and presented to the Annual Communication of Grand Lodge in April. Grand Superintendents cannot
admonish, fine, suspend, &c., but they can retain office for more than two years consecutively. The Grand
Secretary must have 28 days' notice of the business to be brought before each Communication, and he is
required to notify all Lodges and Grand officers of the business of the forthcoming meeting, at least 14 days
in advance. Other members of Grand Lodge must register their addresses, and pay 5s. per annum, if they
desire to have the business papers and the quarterly reports sent to them. Each member of Grand Lodge has
one vote, and an additional vote for each Master or Warden from whom he holds proxies — but he is limited
to six. Only Masters and Wardens are given the right to appoint proxies. If they, by reason of distance or
other sufficient cause, are unable to attend any Communication, the Lodge may in writing appoint three
proxies, being members of Grand Lodge, to represent the Master and Wardens ; for this the Lodge pays a fee
of 2s. 6d. for the Master's proxy, and Is. 6d. each for the Wardens. These fees and the commissions must be
lodged with the Grand Secretary at least 14 days before the Communication at which they are intended to be
used. Rule 1 declares that the Masters and Wardens of Provincial Grand Lodges can be represented in Grand
Lodge by proxy, but we cannot find any provision made for this in the Book of Constitutions, neither has the
pledge been kept which is given in the Basis of Union (article 5) of allowing members of Grand Lodge
(other than Masters and Wardens) to vote by written proxy in the election of the Grand officers.

_________________________________

BY the new postal regulations, which came into force on the 1st inst., Lodge circulars " may pass as ' printed
papers ' within the colony " for a half-penny each. This reduction means an annual saving of £150 to the
Masonic body.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

POETRY.

TRUE BROTHERHOOD.
From" A Hundred Masonic Sonnets, Illustrative of the Principles of the Craft, " by BROTHER GEORGE
MARKHAM TWEDDELL, Rose Cottage, Stokesley, Yorkshire, England.

Wrong thou no man ; but, if 'tis in thy power,
Shield all from injury ; but, more than all,
Be ever ready at a Masonic call,
To render all thine aid in sorrow's hour.
Are we not bound in holy brotherhood
(Despite of colour, politics, or creed),
To serve each other in the hour of need,

So long as we prove worthy of " one blood."
God made " all nations of men " wherever they
May " dwell on all the face o' the earth "—as we
Find bravely taught by eloquent Paul,'when he
Undaunted stood on Mars' Hill, 'midst the bray
Of Athens' angry sons. For all time,
Masons are Brothers, spite of creed or clime.
*Acts xvii., 26.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

GRAND LODGES.
NEW ZEALAND.

THE GRAND LODGE ROLL.
( Second Revision.)

ARTICLE 10 of the Basis of Union says :—Each Lodge shall be entitled to precedence on the Grand Lodge
roll according to the date of its original charter or dispensation ; and, in order to enable all Lodges to take
advantage of this provision, the numeral roll of the Grand Lodge shall not be made up until twelve months
after the formation of the said Grand Lodge.

PROBABLE DATE OF WAR- FORMERLY HOLDING
NAME OF LODGE. No. ON ROLL RANT OR UNDER THE GRAND

OF G.L. OF DISPENSATION. LODGE OF
N.Z.

Ara .. .. 1 5/9/42 Ireland, No. 348
N.Z. Pacific .. .. 2 9/9/42 England, No. 507
Unanimity .. .. 3 -/8/52 „ No. 604
St. Augustine .. .. 4 -/11/52 „ No. 609
Scinde .. .. .. 5 8/10/58 Ireland, No. 419
Southern Cross .. .. 6 23/10/58 England, No. 760
Otago . .. .. 7 24/8/59 „ No. 844
St. Andrew .. .. 8 1861 Scotland, No. 418
Southern Cross .. .. 9 12/1/64 England, No. 997
United Service .. .. 10 11/10/64 Ireland, No. 421
Waitaki .. .. 11 1864 England, No. 1111
Beta-Waikato .. .. 12 1865 Ireland, No. 450
Waterloo .. .. 13 7/9/66 Scotland, No. 463
Clutha .. .. .. 14 5/11/66 „ No. 460
Coromandel .. .. 15 27/10/72 Ireland, No. 456
Sir Walter Scott .. .. 16 3/2/73* Scotland, No. 533
Caledonian .. .. 17 3/2/73* „ No. 534
Masterton .. .. 18 5/4/73 England, No. 1430
Patea Kilwinning .. .. 19 1873 Scotland, No. 536
Eden .. .. .. 20 1875 England, No. 1530
Victoria .. .. 21 23/10/75 „ No. 1577
Canterbury Kilwinning .. 22 8/5/76 Scotland, No. 585
Progress .. .. 23 16/11/76 England, No. 1651
Manukau .. .. 24 1876 England, No. 586
Bedford .. .. 25 13/3/78 Ireland, No. 464
Palmerston .. .. 26 3/4/78 England, No. 1749
Geraldine .. .. 27 6/5/78 Scotland, No. 619
Ashley .. .. .. 28 8/8/78 England, No. 1877
St. George .. .. 29 11/12/78 „ No. 1856
Abercorn .. .. 30 24/2/79 „ No. 1813
Rakaia .. .. .. 31 2/4/79 „ No. 1857
St. Andrew .. .. 32 1/5/79 Scotland, No. 639
Lincoln .. .. 33 27/1/80 England, No. 1918
Hawera .. .. 34 5/2/80 Scotland, No. 652

PROBABLE DATE OF WAR- FORMERLY HOLDING
NAME OF LODGE. No. ON ROLL RANT OR UNDER THE GRAND

OF G.L. OF DISPENSATION. LODGE OF
N.Z.

Malvern .. .. 35 21/7/80 England, No. 1919
Hercules .. .. 36 3/8/80 „ No. 1875
St. Johns .. .. 37 20/8/80 „ No. 1888
Rangitikei .. .. 38 1881 England No. 1904
Concord .. .. 39 -(3/81 „ No. 1925
Victory .. .. 40 12/7/81 „ No. 1927
Feilding .. .. 41 25/10/81 „ No. 1940
Wairau .. .. 42 3/11/81 Scotland, No. 663
Phoenix .. .. 43 16/11/81 England, No. 1959
Leinster .. .. 44 5/10/82 Ireland, No. 469
Albion .. .. .. 45 1883 England, No. 2003
Hiram .. .. .. 46 24/7/83 „ No. 2008
Manawatu Kilwinning .. 47 2/8/83 Scotland, No. 690
Abercorn .. .. 48 1883 Ireland, No. 472
Robert Burns .. .. 49 7/2/84 Scotland, No. 692
Methven .. .. 50 7/2/84 „ No. 694
Harvey .. .. 51 1881 „ No. 695
Te Aroha .. .. 52 1884 „ No. 697
Ngamotu .. .. 53 22/5/84 England, No. 2053
St. Marks .. .. 54 5/8/84 „ No. 2059
Wairoa .. .. 55 19/11/84 Scotland, No. 709
Ponsonby .. .. 56 5/2/85 „ No. 708
Papakura .. .. 57 6/8/85 „ No. 717
Waikouaiti .. .. 58 31/10/85 England, No. 2115
Franklin .. .. 59 6/2/86 „ No. 2138
Foxton Kilwinning .. 60 1886 Scotland, No. 727
Kaikoura .. .. 61 1887 England, No. 2236
Advance .. .. 62 1/12/87 „ No. 2245
Ulster .. .. .. 63 4/4/88 Ireland, No. 476
Mokoreta .. .. 64 13/8/88 England, No. 2287
Fortitude .. .. 65 10/1/89 „ No. 2301
Kumara .. .. 66 1/8/89 Scotland, No. 767
Rawhiti .. .. 67 -/11/90 New Zealand
Tararua .. .. 68 -/11/90 „
Ngapara .. .. 69 -/1/91 „
Otangaki .. .. 70 1891 „
Hokianga .. 71 1891 „
In Formation . 72, 73,74,75

*Sir Walter Scott claims to have been founded in 1870 by Dispensation; if correct, her number will be 15.
Caledonian claims the Dispensation date of 1871; if correct, she would follow Sir Walter Scott. Both these
Lodges' Warrants are dated 3/2/73. Why don't they send proof of the existence of the Dispensations to the
Grand Secretary ?

NOTE.—Grand Lodge, on the 13th inst., gave positive instructions to close the Roll of Lodges within one
month. Lodges Patea Kilwinning, Eden, Manukau, Rangitikei, Albion, Abercorn, Harvey, Te Aroha, Foxton
Kilwinning, and Kaikoura, are requested to forward, at once, to the Grand Secretary, the day, month, and
year when their original Warrants were granted by the British Grand Lodges. If opened by Dispensations
from District Grand Masters, the day, month, and year of such Dispensations.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

NEW ZEALAND.
QUARTERLY COMMUNICATION.

THE regular Quarterly Communication was held in the Masonic Hall, Christchurch, on Tuesday, the 13th.
Grand Lodge was opened in ample form by the Most Worshipful Grand Master, Bro. Henry Thomson. Bro.
A. H. Burton, G. Supt. Otago, acted as Deputy Grand Master ; Bro. C. A. C. Hardy, P.P.B. of G.B., acted as
Senior Grand Warden; and W. Bro. David Greig, of Wellington, acted as Junior Grand Warden.

After the minutes of the Annual Communication, held in Wellington, had been read and confirmed, the
Grand Treasurer informed Grand Lodge that the balance to credit in the Bank of New Zealand, as per the
certified slips, was £206 0s. 9d.

The report of the Board of Benevolence was then read. It showed a credit balance of £224 12s. 8d.

The report of the Board of General Purposes referred to the recognition of New Zealand by Nova Scotia, and
informed Grand Lodge that Representatives would require to be exchanged with that Grand body, as well as
with the Grand Orient of Belgium. The report of the Superintendent of Wellington (R.W. Bro. Herbert J.
Williams) referred to the opening of three new lodges in his District. The Auckland Superintend ant (R.W.
Bro. Malcolm Niccol) referred to the formation of the District Board of General Purposes and Benevolence,
and the opening of Lodge Hokianga on the 24th. inst., and incidentally mentioned the healthy tone of his
District. R.W. Colin McNab was appointed Representative at Nova Scotia, and the name of R.W. Bro.
Malcolm Niccol was submitted to that Grand body as her Representative here.

Past Grand Master, Count Goblet d'Alviellea was appointed Representative at Belgium, and the name of
R.W. Bro. H. J. H. Elliott submitted to the Grand Orient of Belgium as her Representative here.

The Grand Master presented R.W. Bro. R. C. Bishop with his patent as Grand Representative of Victoria,
and C. P. Hulbert with his patent as Grand Representative of South Australia. They were then saluted by the
Grand Lodge five times.

A motion expressing the sympathy of Grand Lodge with R.W. Bro. E. T. Gillon, P.D.G. Master, in his
serious illness, was passed.

District Grand Lodge of Canterbury having requested the return of the warrants of those Lodges which had
joined the Grand Lodge of New Zealand, after considerable discussion it was passed unanimously :—" That
inasmuch as no reply has been received from the Most Worshipful the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of
England to two letters from the Most Worshipful the Grand Master of this Grand Lodge, dated May 1st. and
June 12th., 1890, each containing a request that seceding Lodges be permitted to retain their warrants, as was
done in Australia ; and as the Grand Lodge of England, when discussing the application for recognition
evidently contemplated acceding to this request when more unanimity prevails, the Most Worshipful the
Grand Master be requested to retain possession of the said Warrants.

Grand Lodge then proceeded to discuss, amend, and finally to adopt with some few unimportant alterations
in the constitutions and laws as revised by the Constitution Committee.

Apologies were offered for the absence of the Senior Grand Warden, R.W. Bro. G. H. Powley, and other
Grand Officers, and at 12.15 a.m. the Grand Lodge was closed.

__________________________________

NEW SOUTH WALES.
THE regular Quarterly Communication was held on September 9th ; M.W. the Pro. Grand Master, Bro. the
Hon. Harman J. Tarrant, M.L.C., M.D., on the throne.

The Board of General Purposes reported that, since the last Communication, recognition had been received
from the Grand Lodge of Hesse ; that the Grand Stewards had pail all accounts for the annual festival, and
handed to the Grand Treasurer the sum of £33 2s 6d—the balance. Two applications for new Lodges were
recommended to the favourable consideration of the Grand Master. A letter was received from a Brother in

Fiji, asking whether the Grand Lodge would grant a charter for a new Lodge there. The Board resolved—"
That it is not desirable at present to establish Lodges outside our own colony and its dependencies."

The Grand Inspector of Working reports having, during the quarter, visited 26 Lodges, attended) 16
installations, and performed the ceremony of installation in four Lodges. He directs the attention of the
Board to the action of the Master of a city Lodge who, notwithstanding a respectful protest on his part,
persisted in conferring a degree in accordance with a ritual other than that authorised by Grand Lodge. He
asks for the Board's decision as to whether Masters are compelled to adhere generally, though perhaps not
literally, to the ritual as adopted by Grand Lodge, or whether they are at liberty to introduce into the working
the rituals of other governing Masonic bodies, and confer degrees accordingly. He says clause 185 of the
Book of Constitutions is not attended to ; Lodges still admit Brethren not properly clothed, and even officers
are permitted to officiate, wearing regalia other than that authorised. He objects to Masters and Wardens
using the gavel, which is an " emblem of power," as a medium of conveying or receiving signs.

There are 185 Lodges on the roll.
The Grand Treasurer reported his balances to be:

£. s. d.
To Credit of Fund of Benevolence .. .. 4307 6 10

Grand Lodge Account.. .. 1573 16 10
£5881 3 8

General Gordon Lodge was fined £5 and censured, for breaches of the Constitution. The Master and
Wardens also pleaded guilty to the charge of initiating a candidate without giving the required prrticulars on
the Lodge circular.

The Board of Benevolence reported having received 202 applications for relief; they assisted 176 in the
following sums :

£ s. d.
Amount granted to Brethren of U.G.L. .. 391 5 0

Widows and Orphans of U.G.L. .. 243 10 0
Brethren of other Constitutions .. 262 15 0

„ Widows and Orphans do. .. 182 10 0

Total.. .. £1080 0 0

The amount to credit in the Benevolent Fund is £3999 3s. 10d.

Six Lodges applied for permission to appeal to sister Lodges ; in one case the permission was granted.

A Committee was appointed to revise the Book of Constitutions.
____________________________________

SCOTLAND.

A Quarterly Communication of the Grand Lodge of Scotland was held in Edinburgh on the afternoon of the
6th August.

Grand Lodge postponed consideration of the resolution as to the issuing of circulars relating to its
proceedings. A resolution was adopted for the alteration of the Constitution by the substitution of 21 years of
age for 18 as the age at which candidates may be entered to the Order, with a reservation in favour of the
sons of Masons.

The other business was routine, but Glasgow Brethren gave notice of import-ant resolutions as to the
working of Provincial Grand Lodges and the present proxy system in Grand Lodge.

_______________________________________________________________________

THE GRAND LODGE OF MANITOBA.

FROM the published proceedings of this Grand Body, whose Sixteenth Annual Communication was held in
the city of Winnipeg in June last, we gather several very interesting items relative to the state of Masonry in
that jurisdiction—one of the most extensive in the world.

It has 40 Lodges duly warranted, and five meeting under dispensation. The net increase in the membership of
Lodges during the year was 121, bringing up the total to 1878 on December 27th, 1890. The revenue is close
on £400, and the heaviest expenditure is the Grand Secretary's salary—£125.

The Grand Master disallowed an amendment to the by-laws of a Lodge, which proposed to fine the officers
for non-attendance, holding " that Masons are bound to discharge their duties by motives more powerful than
any which could be furnished by the fear of the imposition of a pecuniary penalty."

The appearance of Brethren at balls and public dinners dressed in Masonic regalia does not find favour with
the Grand Master. On several occasions he refused dispensation, to wear regalia.

A clandestine Mason, who had received his degrees in a Lodge under the so-called Grand Lodge of Ontario,
wishing to join a regular Lodge, had first to be healed : " To heal is in reality to re-make the irregular Mason,
abbreviating the ceremonies, and omitting the monitorial instructions, but giving the essentials as in the case
of a profane. If the essentials are already correctly known they may also be omitted, and then the healing
ceremony would be comprised in the administration of the obligations of secrecy and fealty to the Grand
Lodge. When parties who have been irregularly made Masons are ' healed' by the order of the Grand Master,
they then immediately become regular Masons, but non-affiliated, and they may apply to and join any
regular Lodge that is willing to receive them as members."

Manitoba is divided into eight Masonic districts, each district being under the charge of a Deputy District
Grand Master, who acquires Past rank only by vote of Grand Lodge—a wise provision, in our opinion, for
the faithful discharge of their duties. The duties of the D.D.G. Masters are to visit officially each Lodge in
their respective districts at least once a year, to conduct the installation of officers, to examine the books,
settle disputes, and give judicial decisions, and report to Grand Lodge.

The reports of the D.D.G.M.'s contain much good advice, which is as applicable to New Zealand as
Manitoba. They recommend Lodges to open " on time," and the officers to cultivate the social side of
Freemasonry a little more, to mix with the Brethren oftener than once a month, to hold a Lodge of
Instruction occasionally, and to take care that candidates are sufficiently well-posted before being brought
for-ward for the Second and Third Degrees. They also are not afraid of recommending to Grand Lodge what
they consider to be essential to the welfare of the institution. They impress the urgent necessity of appointing
a paid lecturer, who is to visit country Lodges and exemplify the work. If this cannot be done, then the
Masters of Lodges should be made to pass a most thorough examination before being installed.

Lodges are required by the Constitution to have, and correctly keep, a minute book, attendance register, cash
book, 'ledger, historical register, and black book. The initiation fee is £7 7s. Most of the Lodge finances are "
in good shape." Some have large surpluses, and devote 20 per cent. of their gross receipts to relief. The
Canadian work is recommended by one D.D.G.M. in preference to the ancient York (or American). He
admires the York, but it requires more well skilled officers than are to be found in new Lodges, and to be
properly and impressively performed, requires more paraphernalia than a new Lodge can afford.

Human nature is the same in Canada as elsewhere. We find " internal strife, which is fast becoming
notorious," among the members of one Lodge ; we find others, "who, instead of maintaining the bond of
Masonry, have brought ridicule and ignominy on the Craft, by their actions one to the other." They give short
shrift in some grand jurisdictions to Lodges torn by internal strife—they forfeit the warrant.

The Grand Secretary reports that immediately after the close of the last annual communication he notified
the late officers of Lodge Al Mochreb Al Aksa, No. 18, Tangier, Morocco, that its charter had been arrested,
and directed them to return to this office the charter, books, papers, &c., but no reply has been received; I

also notified the various Lodges at Gibraltar, working under charter from the Grand Lodges of England,
Ireland and Scotland of the action of his Grand Lodge in the matter of its Morocco subordinate.

They have a library and a reading-room, which is well attended. The librarian tenders his thanks to the
publishers who forward their papers and periodicals. THE NEW ZEALAND CRAFTSMAN is mentioned in the
list of donations.

The Committee on Jurisprudence report that they are " of opinion that no member should be called upon to
give his reasons for objecting to the admission of a visiting Brother.

The Committee on the State of Masonry recommend that Lodges should take steps "to bring in non-affiliates,
to institute Lodges in unoccupied districts, to cultivate the social virtues, and to educate the Brethren through
Lodges of Instruction, and addresses by well skilled Masters." They also recommend the distribution of
Masonic literature, the need for more rigid examination into the character of every person applying for
admission, and the desirability of proper decorum being insisted on during business as well as work.

The Committee on Foreign Correspondence declines the request of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand for
recognition, on the grounds " that the information received as to its organisation is not sufficient to satisfy
your committee as to its regularity."

R.W. Bro. T. S. Elliott, Past Senior Grand Warden of Scotland, and Deputy Provincial Grand Master of
Roxburghshire and Selkirkshire, paid Grand Lodge a visit.

The principal officers of Grand Lodge are elected by ballot, the Grand Tyler by open vote, and the remainder
(9) are appointed by the Grand Master.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

ARCH CHAPTERS

ASHBURTON KILWINNING ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER, No. 187, S.C.—The annual convocation was held in the
Somerset Masonic Hall on September 23rd, when there was a good attendance. M.E. Comp. A. Harrison, Z.,
presiding. The ceremony of installation was performed in an impressive manner by ME. Comps. J. Sealy and
C. Braddell, P.Z.'s, and the following officers were installed :—M.E. Comp. Wm. Anderson, Z.; E. Comp.
W. Malcolm, H. ; E. Comp. S. Nelson, J. ; E. Comp. C. P. Milsom, S.E. ; M.E. Comp. A. Harrison, P.Z.,
Treasurer ; E. Comp. E. J. Paul, S.N. ; Comp. S. Brown, P.S. ; Comp. J. Cockburn, S.S. ; Comp. H. Davis,
J.S. ; Comp. H. A. Gates, Organist ; Comp. It. Cullen, Janitor. The musical portion of the ceremony was
conducted by Comp. H. A. Gates. After the Chapter was closed, the companions adjourned and spent an hour
or two in harmony. During the honouring of the usual Masonic toasts, Comp. Milsom read a letter that he
had received from Comp. W. Pattman, who is now on a visit to the Old Country, and the Companions
expressed pleasure at hearing that Comp. and Mrs Pattman were enjoying their well-earned holiday.

CANTERBURY KILWINNING ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER, NO. 136, S.C., CHRISTCHURCH. The annual convocation
and twentieth anniversary of the formation of the Chapter took place on September 23rd. Companion T.
Stapleton, P.Z., was the installing officer, and was assisted in his duties by P.Z. Companion A. It. Kirk. The
officers installed were—P.Z. Companions M. Sandstein, Z. ; T. G. Forrest, H.; M. Henrickson, J. ; Emil
Skog, Scribe E.: H. Kennedy, Scribe N. ; J. M. Walker, P. Soj. ; A. C. De Renzy, 2nd Soj. ; T. Hemsworth,
3rd Soj. ; P.Z. J. Wendelken, Treasurer; A. Gee, Janitor. The balance-sheet showed the finances to be in a
sound condition, and several propositions for Companionship were received and dealt with. The Companions
then adjourned to the refectory, where an excellent report was laid. Toasts were honoured, and Companion
Sandstein was complimented on having again accepted the honourable position in the Chapter to which he
had been unanimously elected. In reply, Companion Sandstein spoke of the ready assistance always given to
the presiding officer by Companions Stapleton, Kirk, and others, and bespoke for himself and the officers the
assistance of all, to enable them to maintain the proud position they held of being the leading Chapter in the
Colony. Companion Stevens was also complimented, on retiring from the office of Janitor, on the faithful
manner in which he had always carried out the duties of his office.

TRAFALGAR ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER, NO. 157, S.C., NELSON.—The seventeenth anniversary of this Chapter
took place in the Masonic Hall, Collingwood street, Nelson, on the 23rd day of September. There was a fair
attendance of Companions. M.E.Z. S. Kirkpatrick said the time had arrived for his successor to he elected
and the other officers for the ensuing year. The ballot took place with the following result:—1st Principal, H.
Baigent, Z.; 2nd Principal, S. Kirkpatrick, H.; 3rd Principal, H. T. Hall, J.; Treasurer, S. Bolton, P.Z.; Scribe
E., Thos. Scott; Scribe N., Jos. Shields ; 1st Soj., Wm. Brown, PZ.; 2nd Soj. ,J. C. Williams ; 3rd Soj., B. S.
Chisholm; Janitor, C. J. Bartlett. The installation took place, Y.Z. Bolton acting as Installing Master, ably
assisted by Y.Z. Brown, the usual addresses being given to the Principals, Officers, and Companions ; at the
close of which the election of Excellent Master followed, when M.E.C. Brown was chosen. For Master of the
Mark Lodge P. Z. Bolton was elected. The usual routine business ensued. The bill for advertising in the
CRAFTSMAN for the previous year was ordered to be paid, and a resolution to continue the same was carried.
The M.E.Z. then thanked the Companions for the honour conferred on him, as did also the other Principals.
The good of the Chapter was then spoken to, and the meeting closed, the Companions retiring to an excellent
supper provided for them by M.E.C. S. Kirkpatrick, P Z. ; served up in excellent style by Comp. C. J.
Bartlett, Janitor, in his large room.

SOUTHERN CROSS ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER, E.C., INVERCARGILL.—The annual convocation took place on
September 23rd, at the Freemasons' Hall, Invercargill, for the purpose of installing Principal H. Companion
W. B. Scandrett into the office of M.E.Z. This impressive ceremony having been performed, four candidates
for exaltation were nominated. The communications from Ex-Companion the Rev. W. Ronaldson were
considered, and the required resolutions passed, abandoning all connection with the Supreme Grand Chapter
of England, and joining the New Zealand organisation. It was held by the Companions present that the
constitution of the N.Z. Chapter would be advantageous to Companions, in esse et in posse, as the Chapter
would embrace the Mark and Excellent Degrees on the broadest basis recognised in Royal Arch Masonry. It
was resolved that the duty of nominating a delegate to attend the meeting to frame the Constitution should be
left with Companion Henry Thomson, of Christchurch. Considerable interest was manifested in the new
order of things, and the Constitution was looked upon as likely to promote great prosperity to Masonry
generally.

WATERLOO ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER. NO. 166, S.C., WELLINGTON.—The annual convocation was held on
Friday, September 25th. The Chapter was opened at 8 p.m. In the absence, through illness, of M.E. First
Principal Gillon, the chair was taken by the I.P.P.M.E. Companion Greig. There was a large attendance of
Companions. The chief business of the evening consisted in the election and installation of officers for the
ensuing year, with the following result :—Z., M.E. Comp. H. J. Williams, P.Z. ; H., H. J. H. Elliot, P.Z. ; J.,
E. Comp. H. Tyer ; 1st S., Comp. A. I. Masters ; 2nd S., H. B. Price ; 3rd S., W. Gough ; Scribe E., John
Jack ; Scribe N., A. A. Duncan ; Treasurer, E. Comp. A. Lindsay, P.Z.; Janitor, Comp. A. Connell. The
beautiful installation ceremony was most impressively rendered by M. E. Companions D. Greig, P.Z., and A.
Lindsay, P.Z., to whom a special vote of thanks was recorded on the minutes. M.E. Comp. Williams, Z., was
unanimously elected to represent the Chapter in Christchurch at a conference of R.A. Masons to be held on
October 14th. At the close of the meeting the Companions adjourned to the supper-room, where a most
pleasant hour was spent in social converse.

A CONFERENCE of Principals and Past Principals, representing seven Chapters, was held in Christchurch, on
Wednesday, the 14th inst., to consider the advisability of forming a Supreme Grand Chapter. After
considerable discussion, it was unanimously resolved that should seven Chapters agree to the proposals of
the conference, a convention of delegates is to be called by Ex. Comp. C. P. Hulbert, P.Z., in January, 1892,
to form the Supreme Chapter, to elect and install the three Grand Principals, and to elect and invest the
Grand Officers. The recommendations of the conference ordered to be forwarded to each Chapter, are : The
Supreme Grand Chapter to embrace the Mark, Excellent and Royal Arch Degrees ; Masters and Past Masters
of Craft Lodges to be eligible for " Z," Wardens and Past Wardens for " H " and " J." The Laws and
Constitutions of the Supreme Chapter of Scotland, to be adopted so far as they are applicable to New
Zealand.

WE are informed that the Masters and Past Masters in the Blenheim District are taking steps to found a
Chapter. The Masonic population of that District, is, we think, sufficient to support a Chapter. Why not apply
to the Grand Chapter of New Zealand for a Warrant?
_______________________________________________________________________________________

INSTALLATIONS

LODGE MOKORETA, N.Z.C., WYNDHAM, SOUTHLAND DISTRICT.--The annual meeting for the installation of
the Master and investiture of the officers of this Lodge was held on September 24th. There was a large
attendance of members, and a large number of visiting Brethren from Gore and Invercargill ; indeed, the
visitors from the southern city formed quite a large party. The Superintendent of South-land, R.W. Bro. W.
H. Hall, acted as Installing Master, ably assisted by Junior Grand Deacon W. Bro. Charles Sawyers, Grand
Steward W. Bro. Miles Reginald Bree, W. Bro. Alfred Taine (Master of Southern Cross Lodge), and W.
Bros. W. Smith and A. Cross, Past Masters. The newly Installed Master, W. Bro. Thomas Monteath, has
every reason to feel gratified at the success of the meeting, which made him a " Ruler in the Craft." The
officers invested were :—W. Bro. George Crosbie, J.P.M.; Bros. I. W. Raymond. S.W.; W. H. Clark, J.W.;
W. Shields, Treasurer ; Jas. McLauchlan, Secretary ; John Rankin, S.D. ; W. J. Currie, J.D.; Jno. McKay,
LG.; R. Cuthbert, Tyler; H. F. Munro and T. Robert-son, Stewards. The usual ball followed, and was held in
Bro. Milne's Hall, which had been tastefully decorated for the occasion. Bros. McLauchlan and Currie are to
be complimented upon their successful management of the entertainment.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

LODGE REPORTS

DISTRICT GRAND LODGE OF WESTLAND, E.C.

THE Annual Communication was held at Hokitika, on March 25th last. There was a small attendance.
Resolutions were carried—" That no private Lodge be permitted to circulate an appeal for benevolent
assistance on behalf of distressed Brethren, or their widows, or children, until the case has been investigated
by the Board of Benevolence of the District Grand Lodge, and the Lodges received official sanction to
proceed."

" That the Lodges in this district be advised to decline consideration of any appeal that is not supported by
the approval of the local district authorities from whence the appeal is made."

" That the Lodges communicate with the Board of Benevolence of this district respecting any case which
they may wish to bring under the general notice of the Craft in the colony."

Amongst the correspondence, a letter was read from the Secretary of Cambrian Lodge, 656, E.C. (We
wonder how this could be, for in Kenning's Calendar and Pocket Book for the year 1891, page 164,
Cambrian Lodge of Australia is given as one of those Lodges which were removed from the roll of the
Grand Lodge of England, in consequence of joining the United Grand Lodge of New South Wales).

The D.D.G.M. called attention to the fact that certain Brethren of Greymouth Lodge, No. 1233, had attended
meetings of Advance Lodge, of the so-called Grand Lodge of New Zealand, and stated that it should be
discountenanced. He also suggested that all appeals from Lodges should be searchingly enquired into,
especially with regard to the amount of support each appeal received from the Lodge from which the appeal
emanated. He likewise called attention to the desirability of periodical visits being made by District Officers
to private Lodges at the expense of the District Grand Lodge, and asked leave to move a resolution in
reference thereto. Resolution carried—" That the expense of any official visits to private Lodges,
authorisedauthorised by the D.G. Master or his Deputy, shall be paid out of the funds of the District Grand
Lodge."

The receipts for the year were £64 3s, and the expenditure for the same period was £48 18s 2d. The balance-
sheet shows cash in hand and on deposit, £120 16s ld, and the regalia is valued at £150.

_____________________________________________
DISTRICT GRAND LODGE OF WELLINGTON, E.C.

THE regular Quarterly Communication was held on July 9th last. There were present 12 members, and the
Tyler. The Deputy D.G. Master apologised for the D.G. Master, Sir. H. A. Atkinson, he being unable to
attend, owing to ill-health. The report of the Board of General Purposes contains, inter alia, that the number
of Lodges still on the roll of the district is ten, nine not being now in communication with the D.G. Lodge.

The funds are, of course, very much reduced, and the Secretary's salary has been reduced to £25. Appeals for
benevolence must be sanctioned by the authorities of the district whence the appeals emanate. The Board
notes with regret the death of Y.M. Bro. B. N. Manley, of Tongariro, who was a Past District Senior Grand
Warden. The R.W. D.G. Master in the chair, invested eight of those present as officers for the ensuing year ;
those absent to be invested at the next Communication. Bro. W. H. Quick was elected D.G. Treasurer. The
receipts for the quarter, ending June 30th, were £11 2s to the General Fund, and there is a balance in hand of
£4 7s 5d. We are indebted for the report of proceedings to the D.G. Secretary, W. Bro. C. P. Powles.

________________________________________________

LODGE WATERLOO, N.Z.C., WELLINGTON, met on the 12th inst., to pass Bro. G.B Clark, and to consider the
notice of motion by Bro. W. H. Warren, affirming the desirability of forming a Lodge of Instruction.
Nomination of officers took place.

ASHLEY LODGE, N.Z.C., RANGIORA, ballotted for a candidate on the 15th inst., and passed Bro. William
Bennington.

LODGE KUMARA, N.Z.C.—The regular meeting of this Lodge took place on Friday, September 18th. There
was a large attendance. Bros. S. Harvey, Henry George, and Dr. John Myles were duly passed to the Second
Degree by the R.W.M., ably assisted by Deputy Master Bro. E. Rogers, P.M., and Bro. A. B. Willey, P.M.
Bro. S. J. Binning gave the charge. After Grand Lodge communications had been received and dealt with,
and general routine business considered, the Lodge closed in peace and harmony.

WATERLOO LODGE, N.Z.C., WELLINGTON.—This Lodge held a social gathering at the Masonic Hall, on
Tuesday, September 8th, when a large number of the members of the Lodge and their friends met together
and enjoyed a pleasant evening. Several occasions of this kind might be held during the year with great
benefit to the community, as well as to the credit of the Craft. The first portion of the evening was taken up
by a concert given by some of the leading amateurs. Supper was then partaken of, and done full justice to,
during which the floor in the large hall was cleared for a dance, the company separating about midnight. We
congratulate the W.M. and members of the Waterloo Lodge upon the success which attended their
entertainment, and we hope that the example that they have set in extending hospitality will be duly followed
up by the Masonic fraternity in Wellington.—N. Z. Mail.

LODGE NGAPARA, N.Z.C., NGAPARA.—This Lodge held its regular meeting on September 14th. We had one
candidate—Mr. Alex. Orr, baker, Ngapara—and he was elected. Bro. Walter Douglas was passed to the
Second Degree; and we initiated Messrs Geo. Park, Waitaki North ; Alex. Kernagan, Enfield ; and James
Gibson, Ngapara. At this meeting the R.W.M. presented the Lodge with an enlarged photogragh, beautifully
framed, of the Grand Master of New Zealand—Bro. Henry Thomson ; a hearty vote of thanks being
accorded to him for his kindness. I hope that this will prove an example to other Brethren to beautify our
little hall. H.G.W. were given by Bro. O. H. Pinel, W.M. of Lodge Waitaki, N.Z.C., Oaxnaru. He
congratulated the officers on their efficiency.

LODGE NGAPARA.—On the 28th September an emergency meeting was called for the purpose of raising Bro.
A. Murdoch to the Sublime Degree of a M.M., reading of balance-sheet and auditors' report, and business re
installation on the 22nd inst., of W.M. Bro. McWhirter, who is again re-elected to the chair. The officers will
be the same as last year. Regarding our Worthy Master, Bro. McWhirter, I cannot say too much in his
favour, as an exemplary brother of any Lodge, That he has proved himself a thorough Mason in and out of
the Lodge is beyond doubt, and had it not been for his indefatigable efforts against opposition from many
sources, Lodge Ngapara would still have been something in the future. Our officers, of whom Bro. Hy.
Webber, S.W., stands in the front rank, by his efficient manner in carrying out the working of his office,
studied all the arts, parts, points, and privileges belonging to Freemasonry before Lodge Ngapara was spoken
of. He is a Mark and R.A. The other officers carry out the work of their respective positions in a manner
which shows they believe in the old adage, " That which is worth doing is worth doing well." I may mention
that at this emergency meeting we had as a visitor, Bro. Hescott, who brought H.G.W. from Otago and
Auckland. He also complimented the officers on the excellent manner in which the work was performed, and
the healthy condition of the Lodge funds. Bro. Gibson, of this Lodge, sends greetings from N. S. Wales, per
favour of our genial S.D., Bro. Tom Little.

SIR WALTER SCOTT, N.Z.C., THAMES.—The usual monthly meeting was held on September 15th, the
attendance of Brethren being considerable. Bro. G. S. Clarke, R.W.M., in the Chair. Three candidates were
initiated, three candidates successfully balloted for, and one candidate proposed. The resolution of the
conference of Master and Past Masters to institute a Committee of General Purposes and Benevolence in the
Auckland District, was unanimously approved of. Bro. Grand Supt. Niccol was appointed the Lodge's
representative at conference to consider the proposed Laws and Constitutions for Grand Lodge. Bro. R.W.M.
Clark and J.P.M. Bro. Murray received the congratulations of the Lodge on their appointment as officers of
Grand Lodge. A Committee, consisting of the Master, Wardens, J.P.M., Secretary, and Treasurer were
appointed to draw up a new set of Bye-laws, and submit same to monthly meeting in October.

THE SOUTHERN STAR LODGE, NO. 735, E.C., NELSON, held its ordinary monthly meeting on the 15th
September. There was a goodly attendance of members, and every officer was at his post. Two Brethren
were raised to the High and Sublime Degree of M.M., the W. Master being ably assisted by Past Masters
Bolton and Scott, the latter reciting the 12th of Ecclesiastes, and the former giving the lecture of 3rd Degree
Tracing Board, explaining the working tools and giving the closing exhortation in this Degree. W. Bro. A. E.
Cresswell, P.M., of Victory Lodge, N.Z.C., and Grand Steward of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand, gave in
his report as Secretary of the united Masonic ball, which proved a grand success. He stated that 103 tickets
were issued, 61 were sold, and 42 returned ; that 111 persons were present at the ball, and that the receipts,
amounting to over £35, exactly covered the expenses. The Committee of Management were entirely satisfied
at the perfect squaring of the affair. The Southern Star passed Bro. Cresswell a hearty vote of thanks, and
ordered the same to be recorded on the minutes. A Brother, a P.J.W., handed in two proposition forms filled
in with the names, &c., of two Candidates for next session. These propositions will come before the Standing
Committee in the meantime, who will report prior to the taking of any ballot. The W.M., before closing the
Lodge, said he much regretted having to announce that our worthy Brother, J. F. redden, M. Guard, was
about leaving the Lodge as he was removing to the North Island. He, on behalf of the Lodge, wished our
Brother farewell, and every success in his new field of labour. Ever since he joined the Lodge he had shown
himself ready and willing to help his Lodge, and had made himself clear for the next twelve months. An
example worthy of imitation.

LODGE PROGRESS, N.Z.C. (LATE 1651, E.C.), SOUTHBRIDGE.—This flourishing and progressive Lodge met
at their handsome and cosy hall on Tuesday evening, September 15th. There was a good attendance of
members and visitors, considering the inclemency of the evening. The business consisted in raising Bros.
Robb and Gilmour to the Sublime Degree of Master Masons, the ceremony being most efficiently performed
by the W.M., Bro. Warring, and his officers. After labour the Brethren adjourned to refreshments and
sociability, interspersed with songs, &c.; Bros. Tevendale, Gilmour, and Robb giving a quaint imitation of
the bagpipes. The toast of the visitors, coupled with the names of Bros. Allpress and Hescott, was duly
responded to, the latter Brother thanking the members for the support to the N.Z. CRAFTSMAN. This brother
also presented a Masonic work, to form a nucleus of a library We were pleased to learn that the Lodge is
entirely free from debt, having a credit balance of about £30 in hand, and a prosperous future before it. The
interior of the hall has been re-decorated by the members, who, by their labour of love, have made their
Lodge one of the cosiest and brightest halls in the Canterbury District. In conclusion, we have to thank the
Secretary, Bro. Simpson, and P.M. Bro. Webster for the courtesy extended towards the representative of this
journal.

ULSTER LODGE, N.Z.C., PETONE, WELLINGTON.—On the 16th September this Lodge passed Bro. Wm.
Arthur Meredith Whitehead to the Second Degree.

LODGE OF ST ANDREW, N.Z.C., AUCKLAND, passed Bro. William Henry Hoskins to the Second Degree, on
the 15th September.

LODGE GERALDINE, N.Z.C., met on the 16th September in the Masonic Hall, Geraldine. There was a good
attendance of members and visitors. It was decided to send the names of Bros. J. Cunningham, P.M., N.
Dunlop, P.M., J. Mundell, Treasurer, and Jas. Williams, P.S.W., for insertion in the warrant, with the names
of the Present Master and Wardens. Bro. F. H. Stocker was passed to the Second Degree.

VISIT OF THE D.G. MASTER OF CANTERBURY, S.C., R.W. BRO. CHARLES LOUISSON, WITH HIS OFFICERS, TO
LODGE THISTLE, ASHBURTON.—On the 17th September, the D.G.M. and his Officers paid an official visit to

Lodge Thistle. There was a large attendance of Brethren and visitors, numbering over seventy. The official
visitors were received with due honour, and, after the working of the Lodge had been concluded, and before
the Lodge closed, the R.W.M., Bro. H. Sealey, spoke in terms of congratulation at the Lodge having been
favoured with a visit from the District Grand Lodge officers, and offered hearty good wishes. The
R.W.D.G.M. replied in suitable terms, thanking the officers and Brethren of the Lodge for the hearty
welcome accorded to them. He also mentioned that the patent had been received from the M.W.G.M. of
England, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, appointing Bro. P. Cunningham as District Grand Master for
Canterbury, E.C. Several visiting Brethren from Auckland, Dunedin, Waimate, &c., tendered hearty wishes.
After the close of the Lodge the Brethren adjourned to the refectory, when the usual loyal and Masonic toasts
were given and duly honoured.

LODGE MOKORETA, N.Z.C., WYNDHAM, SOUTHLAND DISTRICT.—The regular monthly meeting took place
on the 17th September. There was a good attendance of Brethren. The business consisted in passing Bro. A.
C. Bishop, and to consider the reply of the Grand Secretary to the resolution passed by this Lodge at its July
meeting, condemning the increase in the number of Grand Officers. The following resolution was
unanimously carried, and ordered to be forwarded to the Grand Secretary :—" That the Grand Secretary's
letter be received, and that he be informed that this Lodge claims the right to discuss all matters pertaining
either to the good of this Lodge in particular, or of Freemasonry in general."

MANAWATU KILWINNING LODGE, N.Z.C., PALMERSTON NORTH.-The regular meeting took place on
September 14th, a very large gathering of Brethren and visitors being present, the sister Lodge—United
Manawatu, 1721, E.C.—being well represented ; which Lodge, I believe, will shortly see its way clear to
join in with us. The business of the evening consisted of initiating Mr. W. Beck, of this town, into the
mysteries and privileges of ancient Freemasonry, which was carried out in an effective manner by the
R.W.M., Bro. W. Rutherford, ; the Charity Charge being given by P.M. Bro. J. P. Leary, Treasurer, W. Tools
being given by Bro. T. Sutton, and the lecture on the Tracing Board by the S.W., Bro. W. Dawick, and the
Ancient Charge by P.M. Bro. A. Jack. Replies were received from the Ashurst and Feilding Lodges in
reference to our " R.W. Master's suggestion, that inter-change of circulars between the Lodges in this
District, from month to month, was most desirable." They highly approved of R.W.M, Bro. W. Rutherford's
suggestion. (So do we.-Ed. CRAFTSMAN.) Bros. Buick and Kendal, being in attendance signed and received
their respective diplomas, under the old Constitution. V.W. Bro. H. P. Raikes, District Grand Chaplain, E.C.,
who has been appointed in Bro. the Rev. H. B. Harvey's place, during his leave of absence, attended the
meeting, and stated that he intended to preach a Masonic sermon on Sunday afternoon, October 18th ; both
Lodges will attend. Three more members were then proposed as candidates to this Lodge—Mr. Frederick
William Mayo for initiation; and Y.M. Bro. W. Mayo and Bro. P. Brandon as joining members, late of
Lodges Franklin and Ulster. P.M. Bro. T. Fulton gave notice of motion that he would move at the next
regular meeting—" That there be only one Lodge in this town, for the best interests of Masonry." The
receipts of this evening's meeting were £21 4s 6d. This being the whole of the business, the Lodge was
closed in peace, love, and harmony, at 10.30 p.m.

LODGE WAIRAU, N.Z.C.—The regular monthly meeting of this Lodge was held in their Lodge-room,
Andrew Street, Blenheim, on Monday the 21st September, 1891. There was a large attendance of P.M.'s and
Brethren present, also a number of visiting Brethren. The business for the evening was the passing of Bro.
Douglas Dobson, the ceremony being most impressively performed by the W.M., Bro. Healy, the lecture on
the Tracing Board was given by the S.W., Bro. O'Callaghan, in his usual well-known manner. After the
Lodge was reduced, the report of the Committee appointed to report on the proposed Book of Constitutions
was read and adopted. The Committee reported that they had derived a great deal of help and much valuable
information from the CRAFTSMAN, in deciding On the amendments suggested. It was resolved that the
Brethren be notified that a subscription list will be placed on the Secretary's table at the next meeting of the
Lodge to raise the sum of £5, to be devoted to the Benevolence Fund of the Grand Lodge. New members
were proposed, and the Lodge was then closed in peace and harmony, the Brethren spending a pleasant hour
at the refreshment table, the good things being supplied by Bros, Coleman and Daines,

Lodge Ara, N.Z.C., Auckoland.—On September 22nd this Lodge had to transact the following business :—
To initiate Mr. Richard Ward. To pass Bros. George Henry Dixon, John Bancroft, and Robert Wright. Notice
of motion by the W.M.—"That the resolution fixing the amount of the Secretary's salary at £25 per annum be

rescinded." On September 10th, at an emergency meeting, Bro. Richard Porter was raised to the Third
Degree.

LODGE HAWERA, N.Z.C., HAWERA, initiated Mr. Charles Briggs, Ngaire, on September 17th.

LODGE ADVANCE, N.Z.C., BRUNNERTON.—On September 24th, Bro. Murdoch McKenzie, late of St.
Andrew's Lodge, No. 528, S.C., was affiliated.

ST. ANDREW’S KILWINNING LODGE, S.C., WANGANUI, met on September 24th, to consider the propriety or
otherwise of transferring their allegiance to the Grand Lodge of New Zealand. The committee reported that
they had had the whole question under consideration, and the great majority of the members present and
absent were in favour of the proposals, while nearly the whole of the remainder who had responded to
inquiries on the subject, had expressed themselves willing to fall in with the views of the majority. The
question, in its various aspects, was discussed in an amicable and friendly spirit by the advocates on both
sides, and eventually, at the request of 2 or 3 members, who desired further time before a final decision
should be arrived at, the matter was deferred for further consideration.. Another meeting will probably he
held very shortly, when it is hoped that absolute unanimity on the question will be arrived at.

LODGE ST. ANDREWS, N.Z.C., WELLINGTON.—The regular monthly meeting of the above Lodge was held at
the Masonic Hall, Wellington, an September 24th, R.W.M. Bro. Danks being in the chair. There was a good
attendance of members and visitors, most noteworthy of whom were R.W,M. Bro, Godber, Waterloo Lodge ;
W.M. Bro. Freeman, N.Z. Pacific Lodge ; and W.M. Bro, Bulford, Leinster Lodge. The business of the
evening consisted in balloting for Mr Robert Hill, accountant, age 39, native of London ; Mr Herman
Wilhelm Lubnoski, age 28, native of Poland ; and Mr Mark Blythe, cooper, age 37, native of nelson, and to
raise Bro, Frank Sinclair, The ballot being taken for the two former gentlemen, Messrs Hill and Lubnoski,
and, proving favourable they were duly elected members of this Lodge, The ballot for Mr Mark Blythe was
held over. The next business was to raise Bro. F. Sinclair. The Lodge was accordingly passed to the F.C,
Degree, and that Brother being placed in front of the pedestal showed his proficiency by answering the
questions put to him in a most satisfactory manner, and he was raised to the High and Sublime Degree of a
M.M., the ceremony being performed by R.W,M, Bro. Danks, who had the assistance of the Wardens, Bro.
France, S.W., giving the lecture on the Tracing Board, Bro. Jaffray, J.W., presenting the working tools, and
Bro, IFetcher, Secretary, giving the charge, the working being very satisfactory, The Lodge was then
reduced, the correspondence read, and two accounts passed for payment, and a vote of thanks passed to G.
Superintendent, P.M. Bro. Malcolm Niccol, of Auckland, for services rendered. Hearty good wishes were
then tendered by the visiting Brethren, the Lodge was closed in love peace, and harmony at 10.35 p.m. A
pleasant half-hour afterwards was spent in the supper room,

N.Z. PACIFIC LODGE, N.Z.C., WELLINGTON.—The secretary, Bro. W. H. Warren, has sent us, for the first
time, a copy of the Lodge circular; will he please continue the favour, and accept our thanks in advance. The
circular is very neatly got up, and from it we gather that the business of the 28th September was to pass Bro.
Hellyer. We also notice that the Hall Company owe Pacific £47 5s. for interest. It is proposed to invest this
sum in paid-up shares in the Company.

LODGE UNITED SERVICE, N.Z.C., AUCKLAND.—This Lodge, on the 30th September, balloted for, as a
joining member, Bro. Jas. Wright, of Lodge Alexandra, No. 1188, E.C. Bro. Lindsay Cooke was passed, and
Bros. T. Markwick and Chas. Westbury were raised to the Third Degree.

LODGE PONSONBY, N.Z.C., AUCKLAND, balloted for Mr. John Isaac Knight on the 6th inst., and received
nominations for office.

LODGE CALEDONIAN, N.Z.C., TIMARU.—Our representative, Bro. George Hescott, wishes to record the
hearty welcome and the great kindness and courtesy he received from this Lodge on his recent visit. He
reports the financial condition as very healthy, the membership strong and enthusiastic ; and, as far as he
could judge, a prosperous future in store. This Lodge devotes sixpence per member per month to charity. On
the 8th they balloted for two candidates—Messrs. McBride and Hampden.

LODGE CONYERS, NO. 1916, E.C., SYDENHAM, CHRISTCHURCH. — The regular monthly meeting was held at
their snug and pleasant hall on the 8th inst. The W.M., Bro. Bowden, was supported by P.M.'s Bros. Daltrey,
Skinner, and Yuist, and the W.M. of Robert Burns, S.C., Bro. E. H. Cooper, was also present. The other
visitors represented Lodges Crown, S.C., and Prince of Wales, No. 1338, E.C. The business of the evening
was to initiate Mr. Maurice, which was impressively done by the W.M., assisted by P.M. Bro. Skinner and
W.M. Bro. Cooper. The musical portion of the ceremony being excellently rendered by the Organist, P.M.
Bro. Yuist. After labour the Brethren went to refreshment, the usual toasts being given, including that of the
" New Brother." Some capital songs and recitations were given during the evening. The representative of this
journal, Bro. Hescott, wishes to thank the members of Lodge Conyers for their kindness, and also for the
support given to the CRAFTSMAN.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

How history repeats itself. The Grand Lodge of England will not hearken either to appeals or threats of
Quebec, and is determined—or perhaps it should be said, its leaders are determined—to ram the British lion
down the throats of its own children. It is very bad when the lion has to roar at its own offspring. The Grand
Lodge of England might have made a great point over this business, and won universal admiration by a little
give.— N. Z. CRAFTSMAN, March, 1885.

THE Secretary is the official organ of the Lodge, and in all matters of correspondence affecting its interests,
its own polity, and methods of action, or the superior laws by which it may be governed, the statements of
the Secretary, especially under the seal of the Lodge, must be recognised as final, and as annunciatory of the
will of the Lodge, unless there are good reasons known for impeaching his statement. No other member is
clothed with such authority.

IN France and Germany it is still the custom to present the initiated with two pairs of white gloves, one for
himself and one for his lady. This is a custom of great antiquity.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

CORRESPONDENCE
TO CORRESPONDENTS.

All communications should be addressed to the Editor, CRAFTSMAN, Box 322, P.O., Dunedin, and should be written
on one side of the paper only.
Correspondents and contributors are requested to be as brief as possible, as the space at our command is limited.
[Letters intended for insertion must be accompanied, in all cases, by the real name and address of the writer, as well as
by the name and number of the Lodge to which he belong!, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good
faith. We do not hold ourselves responsible for opinions expressed by our correspondents.]

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
A BROTHER asks "whether the Grand Lodge of England has forbidden the members of the E.C. Lodges
visiting the N.Z.C." No, she has not. What the Grand Secretary of England did say was : " Brethren who
leave the English Constitution and take part in the new body have, ipso facto, placed themselves under Art.
204, B. of C., so long as the new body remains unrecognised by our Grand Lodge, and therefore cannot be
received as visitors in any English Lodge."

A MEMBER of an English Lodge, in arrears when he joined the Grand Lodge, can, if he so wishes, become
active again upon payment of the arrears. If, however, he was struck off the roll the mere payment of the
arrears would not dispense with the necessity of his going to the ballot and paying the affiliation fee.

LODGE BEDFORD.—Paton says—" If the Tyler is a member he is entitled to all the rights of membership,
except that of sitting in the Communications, which right he has voluntarily relinquished by his acceptance
of office. It is usual, in balloting for candidates, to call the Tyler (if he be a member) in and request him to
vote. On such occasions the I.G. or J.D. takes his place on the outside while he is depositing his ballot."

SHOULD CANDIDATES' NAMES BE PUBLISHED?
TO THE EDITOR.

DEAR SIR AND BROTHER,—With reference to your foot-note to a letter headed as above, published in your
August number, I think the matter under discussion might be taken further—I mean this : It sometimes

happens that a candidate for Masonry is declined by the particular Lodge he wishes to join, yet it has
happened, in a case of this sort, the candidate has gone to another Lodge in the same district, and is accepted
without any enquiries being made.

What I should like to see, would be a law put in the Book of Constitutions, making it imperative on all
secretaries of Lodges to report at once to the Grand Secretary all cases of blackballing in their respective
Lodges, all such cases to be recorded for reference. Then, in case of a stranger being proposed, enquiry
should be made of the Grand Secretary,'as to whether the candidate was on the list. This would also prevent
any one who may have been declined in one Lodge going to another Lodge, and gaining admittance without
due enquiry.—I am, &c.,

JUNIOR WARDEN.
____________________________________________________

TO THE EDITOR.

DEAR SIR AND BROTHER,—When writing you a few lines last month, I did not intend a controversy with
you, but as you have contradicted my statement regarding the Craftsman lying on hotel tables, I claim the
right to reply. With all due respect I can only reiterate that I have seen repeatedly the Craftsman in hotels.

It will be news to learn from you that you have not a Brother's name on your subscribers list who keeps a
hotel.
From your remarks I expect you will soon have as broad views on Masonic matters as Sir Robert Stout.

It certainly is a " broad " idea to have all candidates' names inserted for two months in the CRAFTSMAN; and
then to think of the correspondence that would be created from north, south, east, and west if the candidate
was not worthy, and how pleased the Post Master General would be that his receipts far exceeded his
estimates.

Could you not get a clause in the new Constitution that all candidates' names must be sent to you for
publication two months before being balloted for? It is also light to us benighted Masons to know that
Brethren are in the habit of proposing strangers. I think a candidate that would wish his name published
before ballot would never bring much credit to the Craft, and I would be inclined to think he was joining for
" shop."

Trusting I have not trespassed too far on your good nature,
I remain, dear Sir and Brother,

Yours fraternally,
JAMES S. MILLAR, P.M.

Chatton, September 10th, 1891.

[No ; Bro. Miller has not trespassed on our good nature, though what he has written is, we think, in bad taste.
On our subscription list for Otago and Southland, there are the great number of 3 Brethren who follow the
occupation of hotel-keeping. We presume they take the CRAFTSMAN for their own edification.—ED. C.]
_______________________________________________________________________________________

OBITUARY

Death hath ten thousand several doors
For men to make their exits.

BRO. WILLIAM THOMPSON, an old and respected resident of Dunedin, was found dead in his residence on
September 27th, under circumstances which can only suggest that he died by his own hand. He was a
generous supporter of the Masonic body, and the Dunedin Masonic Hall Company benefit largely by his
death.

_______________________________

IT is with deep regret that we record the death of Bro. Christian Julius Toxward. His death is to be the more
deplored happening so unexpectedly ; only a few seem to have been aware that he was suffering from heart

disease, and to most people, therefore, his death was a very sudden blow. Bro. Toxward was a Freemason of
high standing, having been District Grand Master for the English Constitution in the Wellington District for
nearly ten years, and he was also a P.M. of the N.Z. Pacific and Wellington Lodges. He was a Mason in the
truest sense of the word —his judgment was matured, and his friendship, once given, was pure and
disinterested—and of him one might well say that he was ever ready to soothe the suffering, sympathise with
their misfortunes, compassionate their miseries, and restore peace to their troubled and agitated minds.
Sincerity and plain-dealing were his distinguishing characteristics. His death is one that has deprived the
Craft of a good and true Mason, and that will be long and severely felt by all who knew him. He has gone to
the darkness of Death, but his memory will be cherished amongst his fellows and his deeds will live beyond
the grave, so that his labour shall not have been in vain, nor his strength wasted for nought, for with him the
term Brother was something more than an empty name. N.Z. Mail.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

MISCELLANEOUS

INNOVATIONS.
THE Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Correspondence of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, Bro. the
Hon. Richard Vaux, who is one of the most cultured, intelligent, and earnest Freemasons of this country,
goes for the " monkeying " in the Grand Jurisdiction of Ohio, and elsewhere, in a manner that is refreshing.
Bro. Vaux does not believe in new things or innovations, but insists that Masonry shall be Masonry, pure and
simple, without addition or subtraction of part or parcel. That no man can add to or take from. It was, of
course, a pretty thought, and intended as an act of extreme courtesy by the ladies to present a " national flag "
to the Grand Lodge ; they were the wives and sweethearts of the local Craft, and wanted only to do their part
of extending hospitality and welcome to the visiting Brethren. Had they supposed that it was such a serious
matter, we have so much confidence in the good intentions of the ladies that we have no hesitancy in saying
that they would not have done it. But then hear what Bro. Vaux says :

We have read the proceedings of this occasion with surprise and regret. It seems the ladies presented a
handsome " national flag" to adorn the staff upon the Temple. There is no tradition which even hints that
King Solomon, when he dedicated the Great Temple, put any ensign or banner, or any such thing, on the
staff of that Temple. Think of it ! A flagstaff on King Solomon's Temple ! We do not understand on what
Masonic principle, or custom, or usage, it was permitted at Sandusky, unless the Craft there are wiser in their
generation than the true children of Light. A flag on the staff of a Masonic Hall ! It is just as ridiculous as
most of the gushing womanisms of this day of actions without reason, emotions without judgment, and the
confounding shadow with substance. It is remarkable that seine women find room in their minds for isms of
emotion, undirected in their expression by even the shadow of a reason.

The remarks of Bro. Bromwell are of the sort inspired by the flag folly.

Again :

They have gone so far, however, as to ask for a decision on the question. " Can a man [sic : the man is not
sick, but the question is, as we quote it] who is suspended for the non-payment of dues be placed in good
standing twenty-four hours after death, by payment of dues, the man while living not being in good standing,
and his body only remaining on earth ? "

There is a question! We take leave of the Grand Lodge of Ohio lest it may be that the dead man be placed in
good standing on the earth, and by the action of the Masonic law in Ohio became a Masonic " Wandering
Jew," and his picture be painted on the standard on the flag-staff of the Grand Lodge Hall in Sandusky. It
ought to be. A Grand Lodge which permits an ensign on a pole on top of its Masonic Hall ought to have
painted on it a "life sire" picture of the dead Brother who paid his dues twenty-four hours after his death.

Vermont does not escape. We are pleased to note that the flagelation is not confined to Ohio. It proves that
errors are not indigenous to any one locality. In Vermont's ease the attempted innovation originated with the
Grand Master. We will let Bro. Vaux tell the story. He says :

It seems from the Grand Master's address that the Grand Lodge, at its last Communication, directed a
committee " to produce and present to our retiring Grand Master a combination jewel, as a testimony of his
distinguished services in the Grand Lodge, Grand Chapter, and Grand Commandery."

All this is without precedent, as far as we know. That it is a marked violation of " usage " and " custom " is
probably true. We, in the most fraternal spirit, and actuated by our belief that it was without Masonic
authority, most respectfully condemn it. The Jewel of a Grand Master of Free and Accepted Masons is sui
generis ; it has ever been so, if we are correct in this assertion. The Grand Lodge is sovereign and supreme.
It stands alone. It has neither peer nor partner in Freemasonry. The jewel that designates the Grand Master is
symbolic of his Masonic authority. Every Grand Master is invested with the jewel of his " station " at his
installation. By what process of reasoning, then, can a Grand Lodge permit its chief executive officer, the
highest Masonic authority in the Craft, the sole and only organ of Masonry, to be associated with other
bodies in receiving, as Grand Master, by the order of the Grand Lodge, a " jewel " which embodies in its
construction the symbols of such other bodies, a " combination jewel?" What right has the Grand Lodge to
sanction or suggest an absurdity in itself and a violation of accepted Masonic usage and custom, which the
Grand Lodge cannot violate ?

As we understand it, we most fraternally object to such a Masonic monstrosity. —Masonic Review.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

PRE-REQUISITES FOR MASONIC INITIATION.

BY BRO. WILLIAM JAMES HUGHAN.

As all are aware, there are certain conditions to be complied with, preparatory to initiation into Freemasonry.
There are the written and unwritten laws of the Craft. Respecting the latter, authorities differ ; and so, for that
matter, as to the former, " some say one thing, and some another," and, as both cannot be right, we are often
treated to doses of Masonic jurisprudence, composed of allopathic proportions of assertion, and
homeopathic quantities of proof. Each party professes to appeal to the same sources for the confirmation of
their principles, but many evidently look through different coloured glasses during the progress of
investigation. Now, what really are the necessary pre-requisites for initiation ? What conditions should be
observed by candidates for Freemasonry ? What are the unalterable laws on the subject ?

In answer, we shall find many curious, and frequently many antagonistic replies on consulting the
authoritative (or would be authoritative) on the subject. Now, suppose we place these on one side for the
time, and consider the enquiry in a rational light, quite apart from those who dogmatically say " this must
be," and " that should not be." Also, suppose we shall rest content only with "chapter and verse " from the
actual laws of our Grand Lodge on the points at issue, or with well-known customs, which, from long
operation have become as " Constitutions " of themselves.

1. The " Constitutions " state very clearly what rules must be observed as pre-requisite for initiation.

(a) Regular proposition in open Lodge, and a ballot at the next regular meeting, save cases of
emergency, about which explicit instructions are given, and to respect which, the Master is most particularly
bound. Seven days' notice must be given to all the members in the latter case, and many of us wish the same
law prevailed, as to the former. As it is now, the number of days' notice depends upon the bye-laws of the
Lodge, and as some are silent thereon, then the custom must be the rule, and, Oh ! dear ! save us from the
latter condition being the basis in some Lodges, for the notice to attend may not arrive long before the time
of meeting.

(b) The age must be 21 years, unless by dispensation. The fewer initiations of minors the better, as,
after all, the " legal age " is a good one to follow. In Scotland, the minimum age is 18, which is surely too
young, as, in many parts the great majority at 18 can scarcely be declared "free and their own master," and
there are many reasons in favour of the Masonic "majority " being 21 at least.

(c) It ought to be self evident to all concerned that those who wish to be Freemasons, should be in
respectable circumstances, and whether it is or not, the Grand Lodge declares that condition must be

observed. The difficulty is in the interpretation of the term. What does it mean? Some say that ordinary able
seamen, policemen, porters, and such others, are eligible. Exception is taken by many to such a view, and
wisely so. Men in receipt of 20s to 30s a week, usually, and married, with families (be they large or small;
some five, some ten, some fifteen, (Szc.), cannot afford the luxury of Freemasonry, for it is a luxury, and
only to be enjoyed by those who are in comparatively easy circumstances. No one on the verge of
bankruptcy, and no one who considers such an institution as propping up a falling business, should be
proposed in any of our Lodges. We have known candidates to have had their business cards printed prior to
their initiation, so as to " be ready for immediate use," with that abomination of modern abuse, the emblems
of the " Square and Compasses," &c., ad libitum and ad nauseum, scattered over the surface, thus serving a
two-fold object, viz., to exhibit the unworthy motives of the individual and the supposed credulous character
of many of the fraternity. The proper place for all the worthy class, known as the " working man " is in
Oddfellows' " Lodges," Foresters' " Courts," Rechabite " Tents," and other excellent Benefit Societies,
wherein provision is made for weekly sums, in the event of sickness, or on the death of the wives or
husbands. It is not simply a question of the honesty and respectability of candidates, but are they in
respectable circumstances according to the fair and ordinary meaning to be attached to such a description ?

(d) There are several conditions attached to the declaration, which is also one of the " must be" class,
and requires to be signed with the full christian and surname of the candidate. The form includes the
foregoing mainly, and, in fact, emphasises them. " Would-be Freemasons " must be unbiassed by the "
improper solicitations of friends." There again comes the question of definition : What is improper
solicitation? We have often wondered how it was, in some Lodges that one Brother proposes so many
candidates at each regular Lodge, until he gets past the Chair, and then as regularly ceases the operation ;
also, it has seemed incongruous to hear such " sounding their own trumpets " about the number of candidates
they have brought to their particular Lodges, and, if in the Chair, the large additions they have made to the
roll, as if this constituted a claim for warm recognition by the members, when, perhaps, if the truth were told,
many members often are more of a curse than a blessing ; and that frequently the smaller Lodges are not only
the most select, but also the most Masonic. Not always so, because no increase may mean stagnation, but the
point is to insist on a rigid compliance with the spirit of this injunction—to remember that Freemasonry is
not a proselytising institution, and that every candidate who is introduced through improper solicitation, if a
reasonable, thoughtful man, must think all the less of his Masonic advisers. We take it, that any Brother who
introduces the subject of Freemasonry to a profane and non-Mason, with a view to induce his hearer to " join
" a Lodge, and who, at the same time, seeks to prevail upon him to be proposed (no matter for what reasons),
is guilty of " improper solicitation." One thing is quite certain, however much may be uncertain, that we need
not go far, alas, in this country, and so in others, to meet with " Masons," whose proper side, as regards the
fraternity, was the outside ; and what is more, it the protecting clauses of our beloved Society had been
respected as they deserve to be, their names would never have disfigured the roll of the ancient and
honourable fraternity. Candidates must be " uninfluenced by mercenary or other unworthy motive," in their
application for admission—of course all should be ; but we have wondered how ship captains and seamen,
and others engaged in mercantile pursuits, manage to steer clear of this clause, when hoisting the " Masonic
flag " immediately after initiation ; and those on land working in the same pursuit, use all means in their
power to exhibit their connection with the Craft so as to obtain the business of those who are Freemasons. It
is evident they have all " a favourable opinion conceived of the institution," though their method of showing
it suggests a different interpretation of that well-known condition, and their " desire of knowledge " is
explained in their desire for gain. Gentlemen who seek to join our Society must be such as will " cheerfully
conform to all the ancient usages and established customs of the Order." Cantankerous, cross-grained,
bigotted, and selfish beings, who must have all see " eye to eye " with them, or become insolent, abusive,
and simply unbearable, should never be permitted to enter the Lodge, but only those who can be as pleasant
when their propositions and wishes are rejected, as if they were accepted. Some people we know of are never
happy unless they are miserable. From all such may we be delivered, as respects Freemasonry. "Good
fellowship" is the principal object of the fraternity, charity being one of its main off-shoots ; but all should be
as little in want of the latter when they join as they are brimful of the former. To be happy ourselves, and
seek to make others happy, should be the aim of every member of the Society.

(e) The ballot must be favourable, i.e., not more than !three "black balls " in the box, and possibly every one
may exclude one may, three must. We dislike blackballing much, preferring to have objectionable candidates
withdrawn ; but if their friends will force them on, then to rejecet them becomes an unpleasant duty, and
what is more, we fail in our fidelity to the Society if any squeamishness prevents us from exercising the

black as freely as the white balls when circumstances demand. Let us all be more watchful than hitherto as to
the character of candidates, and do our duty manfully.

_____________________________

DEGREE CHAIRS.

NOT long ago we heard a very worthy Brother, with no doubt a somewhat superficial knowledge of the facts
of the case, expressing his opinion that the Royal Arch Regulations were wrong in making the passing of the
Chair in the Craft an essential for eligibility for the Chair of Principal in the R.A. We pointed out to him that
no dispassionate student of Masonic history could dispute the fact that this was an essential landmark of the
Order, and that the whole tenure of the legend and ritual showed that it logically ought ever to continue to be
so, and we further reminded him of the collateral fact that at one period the R.A. Degree was only conferred
upon actual Installed Masters, a condition which led to the rank of P.M. being made in some Constitutions a
degree of itself, and conferred as a preliminary to the R.A. Our Brother was, we think, convinced, but the
fact of his having spoken as he did, shows us that some erroneous ideas are current on the subject. Leaving
history and ritual out of the question altogether, it seems to us that not only the Royal Arch, but every one of
the " Higher " Degrees, should distinctly make their rank, dependent upon those of the Craft, that is that no
one should be a presiding officer in any one of them until he has been W.M. of a Craft Lodge. These degrees
are all of them expansions, and sometimes exaggerations, of certain features of Craft Lodge teaching. They
are all, with the possible exception of the Order of the Temple, essentially modern. They all depend on the
Blue Degrees for a foundation, and they all make member-ship of those Degrees an essential condition for
admission. All the reputation or vraisemblance they possess is derived from the prestige of their parent
institution. If they were not Masonic, they would not, to use an expressive Americanism, " get a show. " And
that being so, the least they can do is to reserve their highest honours for those who have been honoured by
the wearers of the apron. Some of them do this, others do not, and the unpleasant and farcical spectacle is
presented far too frequently of men who have never succeeded in so far gaining the good-will of their
brethren in Craft Lodge as to secure election to the Chair of K.S., flaunting before the world in the tinsel and
jewellery of a dignitary of some " higher " degree, which emanated from the fertile brain of some Masonic
inventor within the memory of living man. The A. and A. Rite sins grievously in this respect. We know of
more than one instance of South African B.B. who parade in all the glory of the double-headed eagle of the
Thirtieth Degree, and, after their fashion, lord it over Craftsmen before whom in the Blue Lodge they have to
take a very humble seat. In the minds of the general public always, and in the minds of the Masonic world
sometimes, these men are considered vastly the superiors of the Installed Master, or of the District Grand
Lodge Officer. The masses do not always know that the Blue honours mean steady devotion to work, hard
study, and the confidence of those who know best how to discriminate Masonic merit, whilst the Thirtieth
often indicates little more than the capacity to expend a large amount of pounds, shillings, and pence. It is
thus that a royal road to Masonic honours is opened to the drones of the hive, and the Masonic world is
deluded, to the advantage of the jewellers who make the shrines for Diana. Once make it a sine qua non that
honours in the " Higher " Degrees shall only advance parr passu with those of the Blue, and the scandal
would be done away with of the daughter lording it over the parent.—South African Freemason.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

SOME DISPUTED POINTS IN INTERJURISDICTIONAL MASONIC LAW.

BY VERY WORSHIPFUL BROTHER GEO. GORDON, PAST MASTER, PAST GRAND REGISTRAR OF SOUTH
AUSTRALIA.

(Continued. )
ON consideration it will be seen that the differences which exist as to " unoccupied territory " between Grand
Lodges, are such as might easily be adjusted, as between the various Grand Lodges of English- speaking
countries. The renunciation by the Grand Lodges of the United States of any right they may have to charter
Lodges in the British Empire, would prevent any jar between those Grand Lodges and any of the numerous
Grand Lodges of the Empire, and the American Grand Lodges would act only fairly in making such
renunciation in exchange for British Grand Lodges' admittance of the Monroe doctrine. Canadian Grand
Lodges, on settlement of the Quebec difficulty, would doubtless be glad to confine their field of action to
British North America on the Grand Lodges of the United Kingdom agreeing to give them an exclusive field
there, and, I think, I rightly interpret the spirit of Masonry in Australasia when I say, that our Grand Lodges
would readily renounce all right of chartering lodges outside of Australasia in exchange for a cessation of

further chartering therein by the Grand Lodge of the United Kingdom. These few little " gives " and " takes "
would practically establish an international Masonic law within the English-speaking world, whereby
American Grand Lodges would hold sole and undisputed sway in the United States, and Canadian Grand
Lodges in British North America, whereby Australasian Grand Lodges would in time obtain by the process
of evolution exclusiveness in Australasia, and the rest of the British Empire would be the undisputed
territory of the Grand Lodges of England, Ireland, and Scotland concurrently, until the creation of Grand
Lodges in India and South Africa render necessary a similar treaty with the Grand Lodges which must
sooner or later be erected there. Surely for the peace of the Masonic world, and the usefulness of the dear old
Craft, a friendly arrangement such as this is possible.

The second question, viz.: " On what principles must a Grand Lodge be founded to entitle it to recognition as
such ? " is one that presents greater difficulties, and upon which there is material difference of opinion
between the American, British, and Australasian groups. There is ample authority for the statement that

A Grand Lodge cannot create another Grand Lodge. It is called into existence by the act of the
Lodges which it is to control, the power of creating it being inherent in the Lodges and not derived
from any superior authority.

This doctrine is universally recognised in the English-speaking Masonic world.

A Grand Lodge to be entitled to recognition as such must have been created by a majority, being not
less than three, of the Lodges in a coherent autonomous state or territory.

This doctrine is strenuously upheld by the Grand Lodges of the United Kingdom, and appears to be strictly
right, fair, and reasonable, but a further requirement of the Grand Lodges of England and Scotland, that a
majority of each group holding under their banners must take part in the creation, does not so commend
itself. Ireland makes no such requirement. In the United States and Canada there is a division of opinion,
most of the Grand Lodges holding the doctrine, whilst others contend, from a strained interpretation of
Mackay's dictum apparently, that three Lodges, even if a minority, may establish a Grand Lodge with
sovereign rights. The latter theory, which is fast giving way, was in the first instance acted upon in New
South Wales and Victoria with disastrous results, but Australasian Grand Lodges now fully admit that a
Grand Lodge must be the creation of a majority. To Brethren who have not closely followed the progress of
events in New Zealand, it would appear that the founders of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand had acted in
opposition to this reasonable doctrine. This was not the case. The Grand Lodge of New Zealand was called
into existence by a solemn compact between a substantial majority of the Lodges in that colony. After its
creation some of the Lodges which were parties to the compact broke their pledges, and the Grand Lodge
majority of Lodges was thereby lost. An act of rebellion could not affect the legitimate standing of a properly
constituted Grand Lodge, and it was clearly on this ground that all the Grand Lodges of Australasia accorded
recognition to the Grand Lodge of New Zealand.

A new Grand Lodge to be entitled to recognition, must agree to recognise the legitimate Masonic
standing of any Lodge in its territory that elects to continue under the banner of itsparent
Constitution.

This is theoretically fair and reasonable, but practically is productive of bad Masonic work, and of serious
disturbance to Freemasonry. Concurrent jurisdiction of Grand Lodges has everywhere, with perhaps the
exception of India, been considered an intolerable nuisance, the removal of which has been the chief reason
for the establishment of local Grand Lodges, and its perpetuation, through this doctrine, is known to be an
evil in those places where it obtains, viz., Quebec, Victoria, South Australia, and New Zealand. The doctrine
is, however, insisted upon by the Grand Lodges of the United Kingdom, and is submitted to perforce in
Australasia. Quebec denies it, whilst in the United States opinion is strong in favour of the right of the Grand
Lodges of the United Kingdom to uphold it, though a few of the American Grand Lodges decline to
recognise it, and refuse recognition to any Grand Lodge that submits to it

Lodges having power of declaring their will only by vote in open Lodge, have a right to consider and
pass upon a proposition for the establishment of a Grand Lodge.

As it is admitted that Lodges situated in an autonomous territory, where there is no sovereign Grand Lodge,
have an inherent right to create a Grand Lodge, it would seem unnecessary to state this, which can hardly be
called a doctrine, but is a logical and reasonable deduction from one already stated. Still it is a fact
extraordinary and illogical that{the Grand Lodges of England and Scotland, whilst acknowledging the right
of Lodges to create a Grand Lodge have, by tacit assent to the rulings of Grand Secretaries, intimated that the
right of so acting does not include any right to take the step indispensable to such action. This paradox has
caused three Masonic schisms in Australasia, and has done more harm to the fraternity than all the papal
bulls that have been launched against the Order during the last two centuries. The English doctrine is about
as reasonable as the affirmation by a Government of the right of two men to enter into a partner-ship, whilst
making it a penal offence for one to communicate to the other his willingness to enter into a partnership. The
Grand Lodges of the United States, Canada, and Australasia recognise the right of freedom of speech in
Lodges on this and all questions that are not in themselves un-Masonic.

If I have, as I trust I have, carried out my purpose in correctly stating the opinions of the various groups of
Grand Lodges, on the principles which must be observed in the creation of a new Grand Lodge to entitle it to
recognition, it will be seen that the differences are not of so vital a nature as to render any basis of agreement
impossible. Let certain American Grand Lodges abandon their doctrine that a minority can create a Grand
Lodge, and that dissentient lodges must be ostracised if a new Grand Lodge is to be recognised, and let the
Grand Lodges of the United Kingdom abandon their illogical position, that the Lodges have a right to create
a Grand Lodge but not to take the step necessary to do so. No vital Masonic principle would thereby be
surrendered by any Grand Lodge, whilst the removal of these vexatious bones of contention, would establish
a useful Interjurisdictional Masonic law between the Grand Lodges of the English-speaking world, would
unite those bodies by firmer bonds, and would prevent any recurrence of those unhappy spectacles of schism
and edicts of non-intercourse, which have so often caused Mason to war against Mason, and brotherly love
to become but an empty name.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

BRIEF MENTION.

THE South Australian Freemason, reviewing the draft Constitutions of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand,
says—" Rule No. 7 of the English Constitution is taken over bodily, a step of very doubtful wisdom."

IT is reported in Dunedin, and the report emanates from one of the Committee of three appointed by the
Grand Lodge, that W. Bro. W. J. Meek has come out of the inquiry with flying colours. While glad to hear of
this, we think Grand Lodge should have been the channel of publicity.

THE Irish Constitution is represented throughout New Zealand by six Lodges—Ara, Auckland ; Light,
Thames ; Killarney, Blenheim ; De Burgh Adams, New Plymouth ; St. Patrick, Dunedin ; and Victoria,
Invercargill. The last named Lodge should be placed first on the list in respect to membership, and St.
Patrick at the bottom. An Irish member ventures to say the membership in the aggregate does not go beyond
120.

BRO A. SMART is the Master-elect of Lodge Hiram, South Dunedin ; Bro. H. A. Reynolds, P.M., is the
Treasurer-elect ; and Bro. M. Walker is to be Tyler.

WE believe Bro. Gillon has taken a turn for the better ; when strong enough he will take a trip to New South
Wales. The Craft there will give him a hearty welcome.

THE two English Lodges in Ashburton propose to amalgamate.

ACCORDING to many of the " Old Charges " referring to operative Masons, Grand Master McCalla, of
Pennsylvania, was correct when he contended that illegitimacy was a bar to admission into the Craft. Many
other authorities, French, German, and American, uphold the view that the rule equally applies to candidates
for speculative Masonry.

MUCH comment has arisen among the Roman Catholics of New York, in consequence of Father Sherman of
that denomination administering the last Sacrament to Lawrence Barrett, an actor and a Freemason. The

Reverend Father in reply, asserts that his Archbishop consented to the act on condition that no Masonic
service was held over the grave.
IT is proposed to hold a Masonic Exhibition at the Columbian Exposition at Chicago, in 1893. The New York
Dispatch, in rightly condemning the project, asks, " What have we to show? A machine for branding. An
aged, long bearded, savage goat. A slippery pole, with Brethren ascending and descending, &c."

IT is reported that the M. W.G. M. of England, Bro. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, has promised
G.M. Voorman, of New York, that he will be present to take part in the dedication of Utica Masonic Homes
in 1893.

IT is an established principle of Freemasonry that electioneering for Masonic office is not Masonic.

THE Grand Lodge library, Pennsylvania, contains 5000 volumes, of which 3500 are Masonic works.

A CORRESPONDENT of the Freemason, apparently Bro. H. D. Sandeman, suggests that each W.M. on
installation should endorse the Lodge Warrant with his signature.

WE fully endorse the following, which is taken from the pages of the South African Freemason:—" We
notice that W. Bro. Colonel Eustace has again been appointed Chaplain to a Lodge, this time at Mussel Bay.
For a layman to be appointed to this office is quite out of English precedent, and without saying that it is
absolutely wrong, we are inclined to think that it introduces a dangerous principle. In this particular case the
recipient of the Collar is a prominent and enthusiastic member of the English Church, and, we believe, an old
lay reader of the diocese of Capetown, but, the principle once admitted, we might have the spectacle of some
very poor specimens of the noisy amateur parson being put into the position of Chaplain. Better than running
any risk of introducing a dangerous innovation we would advise the W.M., in the absence of any available
clerical Brother, to do the prayers himself. Should he feel incompetent to conduct a Masonic funeral, he can
always fall back on one of his Fast Masters."

ON the day we publish the Lodge of Otago will hold its annual meeting. The balance-sheet of this Lodge
shows a healthy state of things. The balance of cash in hand and in the bank amounts to £17 Sc. 4d. Very
satisfactory, indeed, when it is remembered that this Lodge was turned out of the Masonic Hall, Dunedin,
with something under £2 as its sole worldly wealth.

AN enthusiastic lady in New South Wales has applied for admission into the fraternity, and thereby caused a
sensation in Masonic circles in New South Wales. —At least the Bulletin says so.

THE officers of the Lodge of Waitaki, No. 1111, E.C., were in 1865 :—Dr. J. S. Wait, W.M.; W. Luke, S.W.;
Frank Pinkerton, J.W. ; and George Harper, Secretary.

A MASONIC service will be held at Palmerston North on Sunday the 18th inst.; preacher, Bro. the IRev. H. P.
Raikes, D.G. Chaplain, E.C. The proceeds will be given to the Hospital Fund

THE D.G. Lodge of N.Z. South, S.C., has declared that it has not the power to grant the request of Lodge
Damara Kilwinning, which was, to receive visitors from, and be allowed to visit Lodges holding under New
Zealand.

" ORGANIST " propounds the following query in the Loudon Freemason, at the instance of a friend who is a
member of a Lodge in New Zealand : " Can a W.M. delegate his authority to a M.M. capable of doing the
work, to initiate, pass, or raise a candidate, the . W,M. or a P.M. to be in the chair while his Brother is doing
the work? " To this we reply that the late Bro. McIntyre, when Grand Registrar, decided that a W.M. could
so delegate his authority, provided the chair was occupied by himself or a P.M. In such case the M.M. who
does the work is merely the mouthpiece of the chair.

THE number of Masons suspended for non-payment of dues; in 1890, in the United States, reached the
wonderful number of 13,364.

UNDER the will of our late Bro. William Thompson, the Dunedin Freemasons' Hall Company is released
from a debt of £700 and interest. The testator directs that this sum shall be held in crust for the Masonic
Widows' and Orphans' Fund.

THE District Grand Master-designate of the Canterbury District, W. Bro. P. Cunningham, will be installed by
the D.G.M. of Westland sometime in November.

THE Masonic Advocate says " that a proposition to cheapen Masonry by reducing the fee, met with but little
favour in the Grand Lodge of Indiana; ' and the Illinois Freemason adds, " It would be better to raise the fee,
and give every candidate the full worth of his money."

IT is some satisfaction to learn that the movement for the abolition of joining fees is spreading not only in
New Zealand, but in Australia and South Africa.

THERE is a Lodge in London composed entirely of reporters. Its name is The Gallery.

THE powers that be deal summarily in America. The Grand Master of Kentucky recently annulled the
charters of twenty Lodges because of quarrelling amongst the members.

THE English system of Masonry is the only one in which the Royal Arch can be taken without previously
being advanced to the Mark.

IN a recent lecture in England, Bro. R. F. Gould declared that " Emulation " working is now tacitly
recognised by the Grand Master and Grand officers as a body.

THE contributions of English Masons for the support of the Boys' Institution realised in 1809, £112 ; in 1847,
£450 ; in 1880, £14,002 ; and in 1891 the total was £28,873 12s 6d.

FREEMASONRY is the most ancient of all societies, and notwithstanding it has had (like all other human
institutions) its difficulties to contend with, and there have been those among Freemasons who have fallen
from the path of rectitude, yet the principles of the Order are so sound, the great landmarks so well defined,
that it has been, is, and ever will be an impregnable fortress. It cannot fail, because it is founded upon the
truths of Holy Writ.—GRAND MASTER OVAS.

MASONIC autonomy in this colony has been attempted more than once, as the following showeth :—" A
meeting of delegates from Masonic Lodges under the S.C. was held on the 4th September, 1876, in the
Provincial Council Library, Wellington, to consider the advisability of erecting an independent Grand Lodge.
Bro. Vincent Pyke, P.P.G.M., S.C., in the chair. Ten Lodges were represented, by proxy or otherwise. After
an animated discussion it was resolved that it was desirable to form a Grand Lodge of N.Z., to embrace all
Lodges holding under any Constitution recognised by any Grand Lodge that might wish to join ; and a
Committee of seven Past Masters was appointed to consider the best means of carrying the proposition into
effect, their report to be forwarded to every Lodge in the Colony, and be presented to an adjourned meeting
of the delegates. Can Bro. Pyke tell us what became of the seven Past Masters?

THERE are times when one's opinion should be exercised and enforced if contrary to that of others—whether
Master or Secretary of Lodge. No one should permit a substitution of his opinion of right ; when that is done,
the man sinks his manhood beneath cowardice. Better stand alone and be right, than go with the multitude to
do wrong. Thus it is the duty of a Mason, in Lodge or elsewhere in the fraternity, to oppose all cliqueism and
tricky political schemes to accomplish personal aims of ambitious and undeserving men.

THE Grand Lodge of New Brunswick has a membership of 1885, and Nova Scotia, 2839. Both these Grand
bodies have recognised the Grand Lodge of New Zealand.

THE race for Grand Lodge honours is very lively in Canada.

THE Brother hailing from Lodge Waitaki, No. 1111, E.G., is again on the war-path. He is an imposter.

IT is reported that an English lady, at present in New Jersey, has a Masonic apron three centuries old. We
believe in the apron, but not in the three centuries ; that would bring it back into the time of Queen Elizabeth.

THE following was written in 1884 by the Melbourne correspondent of the Rough Ashlar :—" The report of
the reception of your Gland Lodge's application for recognition by England will be read with quite as much
interest here as in England, and it will be an interesting study to witness the charming manner in which the '
organ of the Craft' (the London Freemason) will adapt itself to which-ever way the thing goes."

MUSIC in a Lodge should be cultivated as much as any of the sciences. It exerts an influence that is beautiful
and holy, and lends a charm to the solemnities of the occasion.

THE Grand Lodge of Utah excludes all Mormons from the Craft, being of the opinion that Mormonism is a
violation of the divine and moral law, and it asks other Grand Lodges to fortify their position by expressing
their concurrence with their resolution. Can they? How about that large section of Her Majesty's subjects in
India and other parts who practice polygamy? Does the practice shut them out of Masonry ?

EDICTS of non-intercourse are very foolish, says the Vioce of Masonry, Practically they amount to this :—" If
we cannot convince you we are right, we can and will spit in your face and treat you as outlaws." That is the
kind of Masonry some Craftsmen profess, and they are never happy unless engaged in a quarrel. They have
not the slightest idea of the meaning of Masonic friendship and brotherly love, but, like the anti-Masons, are
constant provokers of jealousies, hatreds, and uncharitableness. It is high time they were given a back seat,
and that true Masonic principles were made paramount.

The new Lodge at Hokianga is to be opened on the 24th inst.

GREYTOWN LODGE, No. 1720, E.C., has a motion before it to transfer its allegiance.

LODGE ST. JOHN, Featherston, has, under the Mastership of Grand Chaplain Bro. the Rev. Porritt, progressed
" by leaps and bounds." The Master-elect, Bro. Toogood, S.W., is one of the Charter members of Lodge
Waterloo, founded in 1866.

NEW Lodges are to be opened at Otaki and Hunterville, and there is the probability of one being formed at
Eketahuna.

A SUPREME Grand Chapter, embracing the Mark, Excellent, and Royal Arch, will probably be formed in
January next.

WE understand that a Royal Arch Chapter, holding under Scotland, is to be opened in Oamaru some time
during the month. The Scotch Chapter in Ashburton will lend their clothing and jewels to the new Chapter.

MASONIC tramps vexed the souls of the Kilwinning (Scotland) Brethren in days of yore, as they do the
society in these more favoured days. In 1717, the members of Mother Kilwinning passed a resolution that
"Gas the Lodges have been imposed upon by begging Brethren, both here and at Irvine, it is resolved that no
charity ce given to travelling Brethren without an order from the Master." After a lapse of more than a
century and a half, no better regulation has been made to lessen this evil for indiscriminate and profuse relief
to Masonic mendicants. —(Goulds).

AT the Quarterly Communication of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Ireland, held at Auckland in April, 1884,
the P.G.M. declined to put the motion affirming the undesirableness of having a Grand Lodge of N.Z., on the
grounds that if the resolution was brought forward it would then be competent for any member to name an
amendment to the contrary effect. He explained that as P.G.M., holding office under patent from the Grand
Lodge of Ireland, he could not put any motion which would tend to subvert the authority of his Grand Lodge.

IT appears that there are two sides to the temperance Lodge question, and a correspondence of a peculiar
nature was started in the London Freemason some years ago. It seems probable that this total abstaining
business will bring a sectarian feeling into the Craft, and, instead of gaining what it proposed, tend to divide
Brethren into abstaining and anti-abstaining parties.

Some time ago the Canadian Craftsman published the following :—" The Grand Lodge of England at times
suffers through her own want of jurisdictional sovereignty, so far as the profane are concerned. It appears
that when an Englishman is very hard up and cannot afford the fee for the Masonic Degrees in his own
country, he quietly crosses the Tyne, and pays a few shillings to a Scotch Lodge, and straightway gets the
three degrees at one time, but as reciprocity is only fair, the son of Scotia in bad repute, but wealthy, does not
attempt to pass the ballot at home, but takes a trip to London or Liverpool, and probably returns a full-
fledged Mason. They have some queer rules and funny regulations in the Craft of the Motherland.

IN the Melbourne Argils of March 24th, 1884, appeared a manifesto from the Grand Lodge of Mark Master
Masons of England and Wales, sent to the Master of Combermere Lodge, expressing disapproval of Mark
Masons under the English Constitution joining any " Craft organisation in antagonism to the Grand Lodge of
England." Bearing in mind the anxiety of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, when installed as Past Grand Master
of the Mark Degree, not to appear to recognise the Degree as part of the Craft working ; the circular seems in
questionable taste.

In Mississippi a person who sells lager beer and ginger ale is not eligible for the degrees of Masoanry.

In Victoria, Australia, all business transacted and degrees confiumed after the hour of 10 P.M. is illegal.

The printed proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Nebraska contain a table of the assets and liabilities of each
constituent Lodge. A good idea.

The principle of the universality of Masonry is sustained in Illinois by the fact that a member of one Lodge
can prefer charges against a member of another Lodge.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

TO SUBSCRIBERS AND OTHERS.

Subscriptions should be forwarded to Bro. T. G. DE RENZY, Box 322, Post Office, Dunedin.

Communications for the Editorial Department should be addressed to the Editor, Box 322, Post Office,
Dunedin.

Subscribers are respectfully notified that the correct filling of orders is sufficient evidence of their receipt.

SUBSCRIPTIONS paid since September 16th :
Allan (10s), E. A. Atkinson, Dr Barclay, Buxton, Blake, Briggs (10s 3d), Bolton, Baigent, Bramble (l0s),
Britton, Bush, Dr Boor, Coster, Clark, Coates (30s), Courtis, Clark, c/o Sinclair (17s 6d), Currie (10s), Clark,
(Thames), Cross, Creagh, Cameron, Cornish, Chisholm, Davidson, J. B. Dick, Davidson (10s), Donn, East,
Evans (20s), Earl, Franklin, Fieldman (10s), Forrest (10s), Godfrey (17s 6d), Green (10s), Gilbertson (15s),
Gledhill (30s), Glasson (17s 6d), Cecil Green, Godfrey (10s), Hinds, W. M. Hamilton, Hopley, Howie,
Henderson, Hunter, Harvey (10s), Howell, Harvey, Taylor, Hooper (10s), Insker (10s), Ive (10s), Ingram,
Johnston, G. Johnston, Jones, Jack, Joss, Kaye, Kerr, Kissling, per Dr Boor, Keith (10s), Lyttelton, Dr
Lawson (10s), Lindsay, Lodge Progress (20s), Lodge Kumara (20s), Lodge Heretaunga (20s), Lodge St.
Marks (20s), Lodge Robert Burns (20s), McLachlan, Middleton (10s), Morgan (10s), Meldrum, N. Meldrum,
Meikle (10s), Michel, Milligan, McGibbon, Moore (10s), Midgely (10s), Mitchell (10s), Miller, McKenzie,
Newman, Thos. Pyke, Probert, E. A. Procter, Peters, Dr. Reid (10s), Rutland (10s), Rankin (13s), Raymond,
J. Simpson, Shute, M. Smith (10s), Simpson (10s), R. H. Smith, Shearman, Todd (10s), Thoreau (10s),
Taylor (10s), Wood, (Gore), Way, Wilson, Dr. Whitton, Eli Wilson, Whitson (10s), Zeisler.

THE GRAND LODGE OF NEW ZEALAND OF ANTIENT
FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS.

GRAND LODGE OFFICERS - - - - 1891-2.

Grand Master ... M W Bro HENRY THOMSON, Christchurch.
Deputy Grand Master R W Bro D H MACARTHUR, M.H.R., Fielding
Grand Superintendents

Auckland R W Bro MALCOLM NICCOL, Auckland.
Wellington R W Bro HERBERT J WILLIAMS, Wellington.
Otago R W Bro A H BURTON, Dunedin.
Southland R W Bro W H HALL, Invercargill.

Senior Grand Warden ... R W Bro G H POWLEY, Auckland.

Junior Grand Warden ... R W Bro ROBERT PRICE, Napier.
Grand Chaplains

Auckland... V W Bro Rev W E MULGAN, Auckland.
Wellington V W Bro Rev THOS PORRITT, Wellington.
Canterbury ... .. V W Bro Rev D J MURRAY, Kaiapoi.
Southland ... V W Bro Ven Archd. STOCKER, Invercargill.

Grand Treasurer ... ... V W Bro ALBERT KAYE, Christchurch.
Grand Registrar ... V W Bro JOHN JOYCE, M.H.R., Christchurch.
Assistant Grand Registrar ... V W Bro J H HANKINS, Palmerston North.
Grand Secretary V W Bro Rev WILLIAM RONALDSON, Address: St. Augustine Masonic Hall,

Christchurch.

Assist. Grand Secretary ... Vacant at present.
President of the Board V W Bro J L FENERTY, Christchurch.
of General Purposes

President of the Board of V W Bro W MCNAB LYTTELTON Rakaia.
Benevolence

Senior Grand Deacons W Bro T L MURRAY, Thames.
Bro G F ROBINSON, New Plymouth,

Junior Grand Deacons W Bro CHARLES SAWYER, Invercargilri,
W Bro JOHN YOUNG, Wellington,

Grand Superintendent of W Bro E TITCHENER, Dunedin.
Works

Grand Director of Ceremonies W Bro J F Logan, Auckland.
Deputy Grand Director of W Bro JAMES PATTERSON, Wellington.
Ceremonies ...

Assistant Grand Director of W Bro T HAY MACKENZIE, Balclutha.
Ceremonies ...

Grand Bible Bearer ... W Bro A PRIMROSE, Senr., Hamilton.
Grand Standard Bearer ...W Bro G S CLARK, Thames.
Assistant Grand StandardW Bro J A Kirby, Dunedin.
Bearer

Grand Sword Bearer... W Bro Wm HENDERSON, Waikouaiti,

Assistant Grand Sword Bearer W Bro JOHN THOMPSON, Lyttelton.
Grand Organist ... ... W Bro A J BARTH, Dunedin.
Assistant Grand Organist ... W Bro Dr H WALKER, Auckland.
Grand Pursuivant ... ... W Bro W FORREST, Auckland.
Deputy Grand Pursuivant ...W Bro W H HANNAY, Greymouth.

Grand Stewards
Auckland .. W Bro J B GATLAND, Coromandel.

W Bro C A BRUFORD, Auckland.
W Bro R B SYMON, Auckland.
W Bro G Hardy, Auckland.
W Bro T W ALLEN, Auckland.

Wellington ... W Bro A I MASTERS, Wellington.
W Bro H C A WUNDRAM, Napier.
W Bro A JACK, Wellington.
W Bro J WALKLEY, Palmerston North.
W Bro W J GIBBONS, Patea.
W Bro Geo FISHER, M.H.R., Wellington.
W Bro H El TIPPLER, Wellington.

.. W Bro A BOOTH, Carterton.
Canterbury ... .., W Bro F W FRANCIS, Christchurch.

W Bro W R MAY, Kaiapoi.
... ... W Bro J M MURRAY, Geraldine.

W Bro ALFRED WHITE, Geraldine.
W Bro COLIN COOK, Lyttelton.
W Bro E C BROWN, Christchurch.

Otago ... .., W Bro WM HARGOOD, Balclutha.
W Bro E G LANE, Oamaru.
W Bro W EARNSHAW, M.H.R., Dunedin.

Southland ... ... W Bro M B BREE, Gore.
Nelson .. ... W Bro A E CRESWELL, Nelson.
Blenheim ... ... W Bro Wm GILLESPIE, Blenheim.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

BOARD OF BENEVOLENCE.
Meet as required at the office of the Grand Secretary, Masonic Hall, Christchurch.

Ex Officio.—Bros. D. H. Macarthur, D G.M. ; George H. Powley, S.G.W. Robert Price, J.G.W.; Albert
Kaye, G. Treas., and Rev. W. Ronaldson, G. Sec,

Elected.—Bros. W. McNab Lyttelton (President), Huntley J. Elliott, Alfred Kidd, Malcolm Niccol, Herbert J.
Williams, Mackenzie, James Grubb, Henry F. Arnold, Charles P. Hulbert, Richard C. Bishop, Andrew Ross
Kirk, John Jesse Blanchard, James W. Horner. Charles Amyes, and John H. Schmidt.

BOARD OF GENERAL PURPOSES.
The regular date of meeting is now fixed for the fourth Friday in each month, at S p.m., at the Grand
Secretary's office, Masonic Hall, Christchurch.

Ex Officio.—Bros. D. H. Macarthur, D.G.M. ; Geo. H. Powley, S.G.W. Robert Price, J.G. W. ; John -Joyce,
G. Registrar ; Albert Kaye, Grand Treas. Rev. W. Ronaldson, G. Sec.

Elected.—Bros. James L. Fenerty (President), E. T. Gillon, A. Stuart Russell, Malcolm Niccol, Alfred H.
Burton, William H. Hall, Herbert J. Williams, George Robertson, Vincent Pyke, Thos. G. De Reuzy, Chas.
P. Hulbert, Richard Bishop, Sansom, Parsons, John Thompson, and Francis J. Smith.

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